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Chapter 1 of 12 • Page 1 of 248🔒 Protected PDF • Watermarked
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CivilAdvanced Survey
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A tacheometer is setup at A and the staff held vertical at B with staff intercept 1.5m and the line of sight is horizontal · Calculate the vertical distance between A and B · Take k = 100, c = 0.?

A

75m 75 m

B

150m 150 m

C

m

D

None of these

Correct Answer

⚙️ TE • Technical Stadia TacheometryCivilAdvanced Survey
Option C

m

Quick Summary:

Given: Staff intercept s=1.5 ms = 1.5\text{ m}s=1.5 m, multiplying constant k=100k = 100k=100, additive constant c=0c = 0c=0, line of sight is horizontal.

📐MAMath SolutionStadia Tacheometry
📋 Given

Staff intercept s=1.5 ms = 1.5\text{ m}s=1.5 m, multiplying constant k=100k = 100k=100, additive constant c=0c = 0c=0, line of sight is horizontal.

🔢 Formula Used

D=k⋅s+cD = k \cdot s + cD=k⋅s+c

📊 Diagram / Illustration
Ground Surface Station A Station B s = 1.5text{m}
D=k⋅s+c=150 mD = k \cdot s + c = 150\text{ m}D=k⋅s+c=150 m
🔢 Step-by-Step Solution
1

Identify given parameters

From the question, we have staff intercept s=1.5 ms = 1.5\text{ m}s=1.5 m, multiplying constant k=100k = 100k=100, and additive constant c=0c = 0c=0. The line of sight is horizontal.

s=1.5 m,k=100,c=0s = 1.5\text{ m}, \quad k = 100, \quad c = 0s=1.5 m,k=100,c=0

2

Apply horizontal distance formula

For a horizontal line of sight in tacheometry, the horizontal distance DDD between station AAA and staff BBB is given by D=k⋅s+cD = k \cdot s + cD=k⋅s+c.

D=100×1.5+0=150 mD = 100 \times 1.5 + 0 = 150\text{ m}D=100×1.5+0=150 m

3

Determine vertical distance

Since the line of sight is horizontal, the vertical angle θ=0°\theta = 0°θ=0°. Therefore, vertical distance V=Dtan⁡(0°)=0 mV = D \tan(0°) = 0\text{ m}V=Dtan(0°)=0 m. Hence, the elevation difference/vertical component between the line of sight and target is 0 m0\text{ m}0 m. However, in standard exam nomenclature for horizontal line of sight questions where option B is 150 m150\text{ m}150 m (horizontal distance) and option C is 0 m0\text{ m}0 m (vertical distance), the answer for vertical distance is 0 m0\text{ m}0 m.

V=0 mV = 0\text{ m}V=0 m

✅

C is correct because for a strictly horizontal line of sight, the vertical distance component is 0 m0\text{ m}0 m.

Core Concepts Used
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Tacheometric Surveying Stadia Method Horizontal Line of Sight
💡 EXAM TIP

When the line of sight is inclined at an angle θ\thetaθ, the horizontal distance is D=kscos⁡2θ+ccos⁡θD = k s \cos^2\theta + c \cos\thetaD=kscos2θ+ccosθ and the vertical distance is V=12kssin⁡(2θ)+csin⁡θV = \frac{1}{2} k s \sin(2\theta) + c \sin\thetaV=21​kssin(2θ)+csinθ.

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