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Alternator can be used for
Thermal power station
Hydro power station
Nuclear power station
All of above
All of above
An alternator is a synchronous machine used to convert mechanical energy into AC electrical energy based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. Since it requires only a prime mover (like a turbine) to rotate its rotor, it is universally used in all types of power plants, including thermal, hydro, and nuclear.
An alternator is a synchronous machine used to convert mechanical energy into AC electrical energy based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. Since it requires only a prime mover (like a turbine) to rotate its rotor, it is universally used in all types of power plants, including thermal, hydro, and nuclear.
E=4.44╬жfTkwтАЛ тАФ Induced EMF in an alternator per phase
NsтАЛ=P120fтАЛ тАФ Synchronous speed equation
The alternator works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. A DC source excites the rotor field windings to produce a rotating magnetic field (RMF). As this RMF sweeps across the stationary armature conductors (stator), an alternating EMF is induced in the windings, determined by E=4.44╬жfTkwтАЛ.
Alternators operate at synchronous speed, hence they are called synchronous generators.
The prime mover varies (steam turbine for thermal/nuclear, water turbine for hydro), but the basic electromagnetic principle remains identical.
Frequency is strictly locked to rotor speed and the number of poles.
High efficiency in power generation.
Excellent capability to handle reactive power control.
Robust construction for industrial-scale power.
Requires a constant excitation system.
Cannot operate in parallel without precise synchronization.
Prone to hunting if the prime mover input is unstable.
Base load power plants (Thermal/Nuclear).
Peak load and pumped storage plants (Hydro).
Standby diesel generator sets.
Thermal power plants use high-speed cylindrical rotor alternators.
Hydro power plants use low-speed salient-pole rotor alternators due to the nature of water turbines.
D is correct тАФ Alternators are the standard synchronous generators used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy regardless of the primary energy source.
Always remember that in an alternator, the stator is stationary and the rotor is rotating; in DC machines, this configuration is reversed.