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Chapter 1 of 12 • Page 1 of 248🔒 Protected PDF • Watermarked
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CivilAdvanced Survey
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Calculate the value of R.L for staff being vertical and possessing staff readings as follows 3m, 2m,1m, It being an analectic lens possesses an instrumental height of 1.5m with R.L 100 m. Line of sight placed at an angle of + 5°.

A

120.864 m

B

113.864 m

C

116.864 m

D

118.864 m

Correct Answer

⚙️ TE • Technical Direct FormulaCivilAdvanced Survey
Option C

116.864 m

Quick Summary:

Given: Instrument R.L = 100 m, Height of instrument (h) = 1.5 m, Angle of elevation (θ) = +5°, Staff readings = 3 m (top), 2 m (middle), 1 m (bottom), Analectic lens constant k = 100, c = 0.

📐MAMath SolutionDirect Formula
📋 Given

Instrument R.L = 100 m, Height of instrument (h) = 1.5 m, Angle of elevation (θ) = +5°, Staff readings = 3 m (top), 2 m (middle), 1 m (bottom), Analectic lens constant k = 100, c = 0.

🔢 Formula Used

R.L of staff station=R.L of BM+h+V−r\text{R.L of staff station} = \text{R.L of BM} + h + V - rR.L of staff station=R.L of BM+h+V−r

📊 Diagram / Illustration
Station A
θ=+5∘\theta = +5^\circθ=+5∘
Station B
VVV
r=2mr = 2\text{m}r=2m
h=1.5mh = 1.5\text{m}h=1.5m
🔢 Step-by-Step Solution
1

Calculate Staff Intercept (sss) and Central Reading (rrr)

The staff intercept sss is the difference between the top and bottom staff readings. The central staff reading rrr is the middle reading.

s=3−1=2 m,r=2 ms = 3 - 1 = 2\text{ m}, \quad r = 2\text{ m}s=3−1=2 m,r=2 m

2

Calculate Vertical Distance (VVV)

For an inclined sight with a vertical staff using an analectic lens (k=100,c=0k = 100, c = 0k=100,c=0), the formula for vertical component VVV is V=k⋅s2sin⁡(2θ)V = \frac{k \cdot s}{2} \sin(2\theta)V=2k⋅s​sin(2θ).

V=100×22sin⁡(2×5°)=100sin⁡(10°)≈17.364 mV = \frac{100 \times 2}{2} \sin(2 \times 5°) = 100 \sin(10°) \approx 17.364\text{ m}V=2100×2​sin(2×5°)=100sin(10°)≈17.364 m

3

Calculate R.L of the Staff Station

Applying the tacheometric leveling formula for an angle of elevation: R.L of Station=R.L of BM+h+V−r\text{R.L of Station} = \text{R.L of BM} + h + V - rR.L of Station=R.L of BM+h+V−r.

R.L=100+1.5+17.364−2=116.864 m\text{R.L} = 100 + 1.5 + 17.364 - 2 = 116.864\text{ m}R.L=100+1.5+17.364−2=116.864 m

✅

C is correct because the calculated Reduced Level (R.L) of the staff station is equal to 116.864 m116.864\text{ m}116.864 m.

Core Concepts Used
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Tacheometric Surveying Analectic Lens Constants Inclined Line of Sight with Staff Vertical
💡 EXAM TIP

For an analectic lens, the additive constant c=0c = 0c=0 and multiplying constant k=100k = 100k=100, simplifying vertical distance to V=k⋅s⋅sin⁡(2θ)2V = k \cdot s \cdot \frac{\sin(2\theta)}{2}V=k⋅s⋅2sin(2θ)​.

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