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Each vowel in the word CERTAIN is changed to the letter immediately following it in the English alphabetical order and each consonant is changed to the letter immediately preceding it in the English alphabetical order. Which of the following letters will appear exactly twice in the group of letters thus formed?
S
Q
J
B
B
Quick Trick: Apply Vowel (+1) and Consonant (-1) rules to all letters: C→B, E→F, R→Q, T→S, A→B, I→J, N→M. The transformed set is B, F, Q, S, B, J, M. The letter 'B' appears twice.
Apply Vowel (+1) and Consonant (-1) rules to all letters: C→B, E→F, R→Q, T→S, A→B, I→J, N→M. The transformed set is B, F, Q, S, B, J, M. The letter 'B' appears twice.
Identify Vowels and Consonants in CERTAIN
The word CERTAIN consists of 7 letters: Consonants = C, R, T, N; Vowels = E, A, I.
Apply Transformation Rules
1: C (Consonant - 1) -> B 2: E (Vowel + 1) -> F 3: R (Consonant - 1) -> Q 4: T (Consonant - 1) -> S 5: A (Vowel + 1) -> B 6: I (Vowel + 1) -> J 7: N (Consonant - 1) -> M
Analyze Letter Frequencies
The newly formed group of letters is: B, F, Q, S, B, J, M. The frequencies are: B = 2, F = 1, Q = 1, S = 1, J = 1, M = 1. Therefore, 'B' is the only letter that appears exactly twice.
A: S appears only once (from T - 1), B: Q appears only once (from R - 1), C: J appears only once (from I + 1).
D is correct because 'B' is formed twice (from consonant C - 1 = B and vowel A + 1 = B), making it the only letter that appears exactly twice.
When applying transformation rules (Vowel +1, Consonant -1), write the letters directly below the original word to prevent positional shifting errors and quickly scan for duplicates.