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FACTS means
Flexible DC transmission system
Flexible DC-AC transmission system
Flexible AC transmission system
Flexible AC-DC transmission system
Flexible AC transmission system
FACTS stands for Flexible AC Transmission System. It is a power electronics-based system used to enhance the controllability and increase the power transfer capability of AC transmission networks.
FACTS stands for Flexible AC Transmission System. It is a power electronics-based system used to enhance the controllability and increase the power transfer capability of AC transmission networks.
P=XV1тАЛV2тАЛтАЛsin(╬┤) тАФ Power flow equation where X is controlled by FACTS
QcompтАЛ=V2B тАФ Reactive power compensation provided by FACTS controllers
FACTS devices utilize high-speed power electronic controllers such as Thyristors, GTOs, or IGBTs to control parameters like voltage, impedance, and phase angle of AC lines. By adjusting these parameters, FACTS devices can redirect power flow to relieve congested lines, improve transient stability, and regulate bus voltage levels.
Increases the loading capability of near thermal limits of transmission lines.
Provides dynamic voltage control and rapid response to system disturbances.
Reduces loop flows and manages parallel path power distribution.
Enhances system damping and prevents sub-synchronous resonance (SSR).
Improved power transfer capacity
Enhanced transient stability
Better voltage profile regulation
Operational flexibility
High initial capital investment
Complexity in control and protection coordination
Introduction of harmonics into the grid
Voltage support in weak grids
Damping of power system oscillations
Mitigation of voltage flicker and dips
Congestion management in interconnected grids
Common FACTS devices include SVC (Static Var Compensator), TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor), and STATCOM.
Option B, D are incorrect as FACTS specifically deals with AC transmission system optimization, not direct DC conversion.
C is correct тАФ FACTS stands for Flexible AC Transmission System, which uses power electronics to improve power system performance and controllability.
Remember that FACTS devices (like SVC/STATCOM) primarily control reactive power to maintain bus voltage, while others (like TCSC) control impedance to manage active power flow.