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Five people, P, Q, R, S and T, are sitting in a straight line facing north. Who sits to the immediate left of R? I. Q sits second from one end. Only one person sits between Q and R. S sits third to the right of R. II. S sits to the immediate right of Q. Only three people sit between S and P. T sits to the immediate right of R.
Data in statement I alone is sufficient
Data in statement II alone is sufficient
Data in both I and II together are sufficient
Data in neither I nor II is sufficient
Data in both I and II together are sufficient
Combine positional constraints from both statements: use Statement I to fix the relative spacing of Q, R, and S, and Statement II to place the remaining entities P and T.
Combine positional constraints from both statements: use Statement I to fix the relative spacing of Q, R, and S, and Statement II to place the remaining entities P and T.
Analyze Statement I
Q is second from one end and one person sits between Q and R, with S third to the right of R. This narrows Q to position 4, R to position 2, and S to position 5.
Analyze Statement II
S is immediate right of Q (matching positions 4 and 5), three people sit between S and P (placing P at position 1), and T is immediate right of R (placing T at position 3).
Combine Statements
The complete seating order from left to right is P, R, T, Q, S. Thus, P sits to the immediate left of R, proving both statements together are sufficient.
A: Statement I alone leaves positions for P and T undetermined. B: Statement II alone lacks sufficient relative constraints for Q, R, and S. D: Both statements combined successfully determine the exact linear arrangement.
C is correct because combining both statements uniquely determines the complete linear arrangement as P, R, T, Q, S, showing P sits immediately left of R.
In seating data sufficiency problems, always test whether individual clues narrow down positions to a single unique arrangement before combining.