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In a certain code language, ‘A + B’ means ‘A is the mother of B’, ‘A − B’ means ‘A is the brother of B’, ‘A × B’ means ‘A is the sister of B’, and ‘A ÷ B’ means ‘A is the husband of B’. How is L related to R if ‘N − S ÷ L × M + Q − R’?
Mother’s mother
Father’s sister
Mother
Mother’s sister
Mother’s sister
Break the expression into segments based on gender and generation levels to quickly trace the familial path from L to R.
Break the expression into segments based on gender and generation levels to quickly trace the familial path from L to R.
Mapping the relationships
N - S (N is brother of S), S / L (S is husband of L), L * M (L is sister of M), M + Q (M is mother of Q), Q - R (Q is brother of R).
Establishing familial chain
Since L is the sister of M, and M is the mother of Q, it follows that L is the maternal aunt of Q. Since Q is the brother of R, L is the maternal aunt (mother's sister) of R.
A: Mother's mother is incorrect as L is in the same generation as the mother of R. B: Father's sister is incorrect because M is established as the mother, not the father. C: Mother is incorrect as L is the sister of the mother of R, not the mother herself.
D is correct because L is the sister of M, who is the mother of Q and R, making L the mother's sister of R.
Always determine the gender of the individuals first using the symbols; this often eliminates half the options before you even draw the family tree.
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