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In earthen roads, the common stabilizer used is
cement
lime
bitumen
all of the above
all of the above
Soil stabilization is the process of altering soil properties to improve its engineering performance, such as strength, durability, and workability. For earthen roads, cement, lime, and bitumen are all commonly used stabilizers depending on the type of soil and the desired improvement in mechanical characteristics.
Soil stabilization is the process of altering soil properties to improve its engineering performance, such as strength, durability, and workability. For earthen roads, cement, lime, and bitumen are all commonly used stabilizers depending on the type of soil and the desired improvement in mechanical characteristics.
C=WsтАЛWcтАЛтАЛ├Ч100 тАФ Percentage of stabilizer (WcтАЛ = weight of stabilizer, WsтАЛ = dry weight of soil)
Cement is best for sandy/granular soils.
Lime is primarily used for clayey soils to reduce Plasticity Index.
Bitumen is effective for sandy soils to provide cohesion and water resistance.
Soil stabilization increases the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of the subgrade.
Increased load-bearing capacity
Reduction in volume change (shrinkage/swelling)
Improved weather resistance
High cost of stabilizers
Requires specialized equipment for mixing
Potential for environmental impact
Subgrade improvement for highways
Low-volume rural road construction
Foundation engineering for embankments
Cement stabilization is generally not suitable for soils with high organic content.
Lime stabilization is highly effective for heavy clays (Plasticity Index > 10).
The selection of the stabilizer depends on the soil classification (AASHTO or USCS system).
D is correct тАФ All listed materials (cement, lime, and bitumen) are standardized stabilizers used in transportation engineering to enhance soil properties.
Always relate the type of stabilizer to the soil classification; remember that 'Lime' is specifically for chemical modification of clay minerals.