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Examoogle • User • info@examoogle.com • EE-2024-8821
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In which type of surveying, we are considered earth surface as a plane.
Geodetic surveying
Plane surveying
Both A and B
None of the above
Plane surveying
Plane surveying is a branch of surveying where the earth's surface is considered a flat horizontal plane for measurement purposes. Because the curvature of the earth is ignored, all plumb lines are treated as parallel to each other, and all triangles are treated as plane triangles.
Plane surveying is a branch of surveying where the earth's surface is considered a flat horizontal plane for measurement purposes. Because the curvature of the earth is ignored, all plumb lines are treated as parallel to each other, and all triangles are treated as plane triangles.
e=SL−S≈0
Δ=Area<250 km2
In plane surveying, the curvature of the earth is neglected, making the spherical surface of the earth approximate to a plane. This is justified when the survey area is small (typically less than 250 km2), as the discrepancy between a spherical arc and its chord length becomes negligible for standard precision requirements.
Plane surveying assumes the surface of the earth is horizontal.
The plumb line at any point is considered parallel to the plumb line at any other point.
Sum of angles in a triangle is assumed to be exactly 180°.
Used for cadastral, topographic, and engineering works over small areas.
Simpler calculations involving plane geometry and trigonometry.
Less complex equipment requirements compared to geodetic surveys.
Cannot be used for large-scale maps or global positioning.
Error accumulates significantly over large areas due to ignored curvature.
Site layout and construction planning.
Small-scale topographic mapping.
Land parcel division (cadastral surveying).
| Feature | Geodetic Surveying | Plane Surveying |
|---|---|---|
Earth surface assumption | Spherical/Curved | Flat/Plane |
Accuracy requirements | High Precision | Ordinary/Moderate |
In geodetic surveying, the curvature of the earth is accounted for using spherical trigonometry.
Option A is incorrect because geodetic surveys specifically account for the earth's curvature.
B is correct — Plane surveying treats the earth's surface as a flat plane, making it suitable for small areas where curvature effects are insignificant.
Always remember the 250 km2 threshold for plane surveying; if a question mentions large territories or continents, Geodetic surveying is the correct approach.