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Main causes of failure of an electrical equipment due to poor maintenance.
Poor insulation
Wear and tear
A and D
None of these
Wear and tear
Quick Summary: Wear and tear represents the gradual degradation of electrical components due to mechanical stress, thermal cycling, and environmental factors over time. Without scheduled maintenance (such as lubrication, cleaning, and tightening), this degradation leads to component failure.
Wear and tear represents the gradual degradation of electrical components due to mechanical stress, thermal cycling, and environmental factors over time. Without scheduled maintenance (such as lubrication, cleaning, and tightening), this degradation leads to component failure.
Ffailure=f(t,∫M(t)dt) — where failure is a function of time and the cumulative lack of maintenance M(t).
In electrical systems, wear and tear manifests as contact erosion in switchgear, bearing fatigue in rotating machines (motors/generators), and degradation of mechanical linkages. If these physical components are not serviced, friction, oxidation, and misalignment progress until the equipment loses its functional threshold or results in a catastrophic short circuit.
Electrical equipment requires periodic inspection, cleaning, and testing to mitigate environmental aging.
Wear and tear is the primary reason for mechanical failure in electromagnetic devices.
Preventive maintenance schedules extend the Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF).
Increases equipment lifespan
Reduces unscheduled downtime
Requires skilled labor
Operational cost of regular inspections
Industrial motor control centers
Transformer maintenance protocols
Switchgear and circuit breaker servicing
Electrical equipment is often designed with a specific duty cycle; exceeding this without maintenance accelerates wear.
Option A (Poor insulation) is typically a result of aging or thermal breakdown, but 'Wear and tear' is the broader category for mechanical-electrical degradation.
B is correct — Wear and tear is the progressive physical deterioration of mechanical or moving parts in electrical equipment that occurs over its service life.
In competitive exams, always distinguish between 'electrical' causes (insulation breakdown, dielectric loss) and 'mechanical' causes (wear, vibration, friction) when asked about general maintenance failures.