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P, Q, R, S and T have different heights. T is taller than only P. R is taller than Q but shorter than S. Who is the tallest among them?
S
R
Q
T
S
Map the relations from shortest to longest: since T is taller than only P, P and T occupy the last two spots (P < T). Then place the others (R < S and Q < R) above them to form the full chain.
Map the relations from shortest to longest: since T is taller than only P, P and T occupy the last two spots (P < T). Then place the others (R < S and Q < R) above them to form the full chain.
Establish the lower bounds
We have 5 people. T is taller than ONLY P. This means P is the shortest (5th) and T is 4th. The remaining three spots (1st, 2nd, 3rd) must be filled by R, Q, and S.
Establish the remaining hierarchy
We are told R is taller than Q (R > Q) and R is shorter than S (S > R). Combining these gives the sequence S > R > Q.
Combine both sequences
Combining S > R > Q (top three) with T > P (bottom two), we get the final sequence: S > R > Q > T > P.
B: R is shorter than S, so he cannot be the tallest; C: Q is shorter than both S and R, so he cannot be the tallest; D: T is only taller than P, placing him in the 4th position, so he cannot be the tallest.
A is correct because when we arrange the heights, the sequence is S > R > Q > T > P, making S the tallest individual.
In ranking questions with phrases like 'taller than only X', always pin down the extreme positions first to simplify the arrangement of the remaining entities.
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