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Requirements of protection of power station buildings against direct strokes are
Interception
Conduction
Dissipation
All of above
All of above
Effective lightning protection for power station buildings requires a holistic system comprising interception, conduction, and dissipation components. Together, these elements ensure that direct lightning strikes are captured safely, directed to the earth, and dispersed into the ground without damaging the building structure or electrical equipment.
Effective lightning protection for power station buildings requires a holistic system comprising interception, conduction, and dissipation components. Together, these elements ensure that direct lightning strikes are captured safely, directed to the earth, and dispersed into the ground without damaging the building structure or electrical equipment.
Z=CLтАЛтАЛ тАФ characteristic impedance of the protection path
RgтАЛ=2╧Аr╧БтАЛ тАФ grounding resistance for a hemispherical electrode
The protection mechanism operates as a three-stage system: 1. Interception: Air terminals (lightning rods) or overhead earth wires capture the discharge at a preferred point. 2. Conduction: Down-conductors provide a low-impedance path to guide the massive surge current toward the grounding system. 3. Dissipation: An earth electrode system disperses the surge energy into the soil mass, keeping the transient ground potential rise within safe limits.
Interception relies on the 'Rolling Sphere Method' or 'Angle of Protection' for coverage.
Conduction path must minimize impedance by avoiding sharp bends.
Dissipation requires low soil resistivity to effectively dump lightning current.
The surge must be safely neutralized to prevent side-flashing to sensitive station control equipment.
Minimizes structural damage to power station buildings
Protects sensitive control room electronics from electromagnetic interference
Ensures continuous power supply reliability during thunderstorms
Regular maintenance is required for earth electrode integrity
High cost for shielding high-voltage outdoor substations
Power generating stations
HVSubstations
Transmission line towers
Direct stroke protection is categorized under external lightning protection systems.
Option B (Conduction) is essential but insufficient alone, as it requires a reliable interception point to work safely.
D is correct тАФ The protection of power station buildings requires a integrated approach involving interception, safe conduction, and efficient dissipation of lightning energy.
In competitive exams, always look for the 'Systemic Approach'тАФif a lightning protection problem lists individual components that clearly work in series, the 'All of above' option is almost certainly correct.