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Rising outer edge of a road with respect to inner edge is known as
Superelevation
cant
banking
all of the above
all of the above
Superelevation, also known as cant or banking, is the transverse slope provided to a road surface on a horizontal curve. It is defined as the inward inclination of the road cross-section to counteract the centrifugal force acting on a vehicle.
Superelevation, also known as cant or banking, is the transverse slope provided to a road surface on a horizontal curve. It is defined as the inward inclination of the road cross-section to counteract the centrifugal force acting on a vehicle.
e+f=gRv2тАЛ тАФ Fundamental equation for design of superelevation where e is superelevation, f is lateral friction, v is velocity, g is gravity, and R is radius.
e=WBтАЛ тАФ Definition of superelevation as the ratio of raised height B to pavement width W.
When a vehicle negotiates a horizontal curve, a centrifugal force P=gRwv2тАЛ acts radially outward. To balance this, the outer edge of the pavement is raised, creating a component of the vehicle's weight acting inward along the slope, which counteracts the centrifugal force and improves stability against overturning or skidding.
Superelevation counteracts the centrifugal force developed while navigating curves.
It helps in maintaining uniform speed on curves and prevents skidding/overturning.
Maximum superelevation is typically limited based on terrain conditions (e.g., 0.07 for plain and rolling terrain in India as per IRC).
Banking and Cant are synonymous terms used in Highway and Railway engineering respectively.
Increases stability of high-speed vehicles on curves.
Reduces the tendency of vehicles to drift outward.
Provides a more comfortable ride for passengers.
Can be problematic for slow-moving vehicles or animal-drawn carts (tendency to slide inward).
Increased construction complexity in transition zones.
Highway horizontal curves.
Railway track alignment (known as Cant).
Velodromes and banked race tracks.
Superelevation is expressed as a ratio or a percentage.
Option B (Cant) is the standard terminology used in Railway Engineering.
Option C (Banking) is commonly used in general civil engineering contexts for both roads and tracks.
D is correct тАФ All the terms, Superelevation, Cant, and Banking, refer to the same geometric design principle of raising the outer edge of a curved path relative to the inner edge.
Always remember that in Railway Engineering, superelevation is specifically termed 'Cant' or 'Cross-level', while in Road engineering, it is standardly called 'Superelevation'.