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Which of the following statements is/are related to ecosystem? (i) It consists of biotic components comprising living organisms. (ii) All green plants and certain bacteria are producers. (iii) Decomposers break-down complex organic into simple organic substance.
Only (i) and (iii)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
Only (i) and (ii)
Only (i)
(i), (ii) and (iii)
An ecosystem is a self-sustaining structural and functional unit of the biosphere consisting of a community of living organisms (biotic components) interacting with each other and with their non-living physical environment (abiotic components). Among the biotic components, green plants and certain photosynthetic bacteria act as producers by synthesizing organic food from inorganic substances using solar energy. Decomposers, such as fungi and certain bacteria, break down complex organic matter from dead and decaying remains into simpler inorganic substances.
An ecosystem is a self-sustaining structural and functional unit of the biosphere consisting of a community of living organisms (biotic components) interacting with each other and with their non-living physical environment (abiotic components). Among the biotic components, green plants and certain photosynthetic bacteria act as producers by synthesizing organic food from inorganic substances using solar energy. Decomposers, such as fungi and certain bacteria, break down complex organic matter from dead and decaying remains into simpler inorganic substances.
Think of an ecosystem like a self-contained greenhouse: plants are the factory workers producing the goods using sunlight, animals are the consumers utilizing them, and recycling units (decomposers) break down waste materials into raw components for reuse.
P-C-D: Producers (make food), Consumers (eat food), Decomposers (recycle food).
In an ecosystem, energy flows unidirectionally and matter is recycled continuously. Autotrophs (producers like green plants and cyanobacteria) convert solar energy into chemical energy via photosynthesis. Heterotrophs consume these producers, and eventually, saprotrophs (decomposers) secrete extracellular enzymes to break down complex organic compounds into simpler inorganic nutrients, returning them to the soil for reuse by producers.
An ecosystem consists of both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.
Producers include all green plants and blue-green algae/certain bacteria capable of photosynthesis.
Decomposers (saprotrophs) break down complex organic substances into simple inorganic substances (nutrients), not simple organic substances.
Helps understand the interdependence of living organisms and their environment.
Explains energy flow and nutrient recycling mechanisms in nature.
Environmental management and ecological conservation
Agricultural science and pest management
Statement (iii) is scientifically inaccurate in standard textbooks (like NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 15) because decomposers break down complex organic substances into simple INORGANIC substances, which can then be reused by plants.
However, based on standard competitive exam keys (e.g., RRB ALP official key), all statements (i), (ii), and (iii) are accepted as describing ecosystem characteristics in the context of the question's options.
B is correct тАФ (i), (ii) and (iii)
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