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According to Newton's second law of motion, the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the _____.
force
displacement
inertia
energy
force
According to Newton's second law of motion, the rate of change of momentum of an object is directly proportional to the applied unbalanced force and takes place in the direction in which the force acts.
According to Newton's second law of motion, the rate of change of momentum of an object is directly proportional to the applied unbalanced force and takes place in the direction in which the force acts.
When a cricketer catches a fast-moving cricket ball, they pull their hands backward. By increasing the time t over which the momentum changes, they decrease the rate of change of momentum, which significantly reduces the force exerted on their hands.
F = ma (Force equals mass times acceleration)
F=╬Фt╬ФpтАЛ тАФ Rate of change of momentum
F=ma тАФ Force equals mass times acceleration
p=mv тАФ Linear momentum formula
Mathematically, if an object of mass m has an initial velocity u and final velocity v after time t, its initial momentum is p1тАЛ=mu and final momentum is p2тАЛ=mv. The rate of change of momentum is t╬ФpтАЛ=tmvтИТmuтАЛ=m(tvтИТuтАЛ)=ma. Since acceleration a=tvтИТuтАЛ, the force F applied is proportional to ma, giving the fundamental equation F=ma.
Newton's second law provides a quantitative measure of force.
The SI unit of force is Newton (N) or kgтЛЕm/s2.
If external force is zero (F=0), momentum remains constant (Law of Conservation of Momentum).
Newton's first law is a special case of the second law when F=0.
Allows calculation of unknown forces acting on bodies in motion.
Bridges kinematics and dynamics in classical mechanics.
Valid only in inertial reference frames unless pseudo forces are introduced.
Fails at near-light speeds where relativistic momentum must be used.
Catching a cricket ball safely by retracting hands.
Use of seat belts in automobiles to increase collision time and reduce impact force.
Cushioned packaging for fragile items.
Option B (displacement) is related to kinematics and work.
Option C (inertia) is defined by Newton's first law of motion.
Option D (energy) is the capacity to do work, measured in Joules.
A is correct тАФ According to the second law of motion, the rate of change of momentum is proportional to force.
Remember: Newton's 1st law defines inertia, 2nd law defines force magnitude (F=ma), and 3rd law states action-reaction equality.
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