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Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about Rutherford's model of an atom?
Electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular paths.
There is a positively charged centre in an atom, which is called the nucleus.
Electrons revolve around the nucleus in elliptical paths.
The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to that of the atom.
Electrons revolve around the nucleus in elliptical paths.
Rutherford's model of the atom, proposed in 1911 based on the alpha-particle scattering experiment, explicitly proposed that electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular paths similar to planets around the sun. Option C is incorrect because elliptical orbits were a feature introduced later by Arnold Sommerfeld to refine Bohr's atomic model.
Rutherford's model of the atom, proposed in 1911 based on the alpha-particle scattering experiment, explicitly proposed that electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular paths similar to planets around the sun. Option C is incorrect because elliptical orbits were a feature introduced later by Arnold Sommerfeld to refine Bohr's atomic model.
Think of a tiny solar system where the Sun is the nucleus and the planets are electrons moving in perfect circular rings.
Rutherford = Solar System Model (Circular orbits).
FcтАЛ=r2kq1тАЛq2тАЛтАЛ тАФ Coulombic force providing centripetal acceleration.
The model relies on the gold foil experiment where high-energy ╬▒-particles were directed at a thin gold foil. The large-angle deflection of some particles indicated the existence of a dense, positively charged nucleus, while the majority passed through, suggesting the atom is mostly empty space.
Atom has a tiny, central, positively charged nucleus.
Most of the atom's volume is empty space.
Electrons are held by electrostatic force of attraction.
Rutherford's model could not explain the stability of the atom as accelerating electrons should radiate energy.
Identified the existence of the atomic nucleus.
Correctly determined the hollow nature of the atom.
Failed to explain the stability of the atom.
Could not explain the line spectra of atoms.
Foundation for Bohr's atomic model.
Development of quantum mechanics.
Nuclear radius is approximately 10тИТ15 m while atomic radius is 10тИТ10 m.
Option C is incorrect because elliptical paths were proposed by Sommerfeld's modification of the Bohr model.
C is correct тАФ Rutherford proposed circular paths for electrons; elliptical paths were introduced by Sommerfeld.
Always differentiate between Thomson (Plum Pudding), Rutherford (Planetary/Circular), and Bohr (Stationary Orbits/Quantized Energy) models for competitive exams.
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