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Which of the following metals are mixed with iron to get stainless steel?
nickel and tin
nickel and zinc
nickel and copper
nickel and chromium
nickel and chromium
Stainless steel is a corrosion-resistant alloy of iron, chromium, and typically nickel. Chromium is the primary alloying element (usually 10.5% or more) that creates a passive layer on the surface to prevent rusting.
Stainless steel is a corrosion-resistant alloy of iron, chromium, and typically nickel. Chromium is the primary alloying element (usually 10.5% or more) that creates a passive layer on the surface to prevent rusting.
Think of chromium as a 'bodyguard' that stands on the surface of the iron and quickly builds an impenetrable shield whenever it encounters an intruder (oxygen/moisture), keeping the underlying iron safe.
Remember 'Iron + Chromium = Chrome-steel' (Stainless)
Fe+Cr+NiтЖТStainless┬аSteel тАФ The alloy components.
The principle behind stainless steel is the formation of a self-healing 'passive layer' of chromium oxide (Cr2тАЛO3тАЛ) on the metal surface. When exposed to oxygen, chromium reacts to form this microscopic, invisible, and tenacious oxide layer, which prevents further iron oxidation (rusting) and provides corrosion resistance.
Stainless steel is an alloy, not a pure element.
Chromium content must be at least 10.5% for rust resistance.
Nickel is often added to improve structural integrity and corrosion resistance.
Carbon content is strictly controlled to maintain strength.
High corrosion resistance.
Durable and hygienic for food preparation.
Aesthetically pleasing finish.
Expensive compared to carbon steel.
Difficult to machine due to high toughness.
Kitchen cutlery and cookware.
Medical surgical instruments.
Construction and architectural panels.
Standard grade 304 stainless steel contains approximately 18% chromium and 8% nickel.
Wrong Options: 'Nickel and tin' is used in plating, 'Nickel and zinc' (often with copper) forms German silver, 'Nickel and copper' forms Cupronickel.
D is correct тАФ Stainless steel is primarily an alloy of iron with chromium and nickel.
Always remember: Chromium is the 'corrosion-fighter' element in steel alloys!
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