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A solid rubber sphere weighs 6┬аkg when its diameter is 6┬аcm. Using the same material, a hollow sphere is made with outer diameter 18┬аcm and inner diameter 12┬аcm. What is its weight?
64.64 kg
72.64 kg
96 kg
114 kg
114 kg
Calculate volumes as proportional to the cube of diameters (D3). Weight of solid = kтЛЕ63=6. Weight of hollow = kтЛЕ(183тИТ123)=kтЛЕ(5832тИТ1728)=kтЛЕ4104. Thus, Weight = 6тЛЕ2164104тАЛ=6тЛЕ19=114 kg.
Solid rubber sphere: diameter = 6 cm, weight = 6 kg. Hollow sphere: outer diameter = 18 cm, inner diameter = 12 cm.
WeightтИЭVolume=34тАЛ╧Аr3
Calculate volumes as proportional to the cube of diameters (D3). Weight of solid = kтЛЕ63=6. Weight of hollow = kтЛЕ(183тИТ123)=kтЛЕ(5832тИТ1728)=kтЛЕ4104. Thus, Weight = 6тЛЕ2164104тАЛ=6тЛЕ19=114 kg.
Using diameter instead of radius is fine if done consistently, but forgetting to subtract the inner volume (Douter3тАЛтИТDinner3тАЛ) is a common error.
Establish the relationship
Since the material is the same, weight is directly proportional to the volume of the rubber. The volume of a sphere is V=34тАЛ╧Аr3.
W=k├ЧV=k├Ч34тАЛ╧А(2DтАЛ)3
Calculate proportionality constant
For the solid sphere, D=6 cm and weight W=6 kg. So, 6=k├Ч34тАЛ╧А(33)=k├Ч36╧А. Thus, k=36╧А6тАЛ=6╧А1тАЛ.
k=6╧А1тАЛ
Determine hollow sphere volume
The volume of a hollow sphere is the difference between the outer volume and the inner volume: VhollowтАЛ=34тАЛ╧А(Router3тАЛтИТRinner3тАЛ). Using diameters: VhollowтАЛ=34тАЛ╧А(93тИТ63)=34тАЛ╧А(729тИТ216)=34тАЛ╧А(513)=684╧А.
VhollowтАЛ=684╧А
Calculate final weight
Multiply the volume by the constant k: Weight=k├ЧVhollowтАЛ=6╧А1тАЛ├Ч684╧А=114 kg.
Weight=114┬аkg
D is correct because the ratio of the volume of the hollow sphere to the solid sphere is 19, and 6┬аkg├Ч19=114┬аkg.
This type of volume-weight scaling is identical to density problems in physics where Mass=Density├ЧVolume.