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General SciencePrevious Year Paper 2024

Two resistors of $2\Omega$ each are connected in series to a battery of $4V$ . The current in Ampere flowing through the resistors will be:

$1/2$

$1$

$4$

$2$

Correct Answer

🔬 SC • Science Concept & PrincipleGeneral SciencePrevious Year Paper 2024

Option B

$1$

Quick Summary:

When resistors are connected in series, their total resistance is the sum of individual resistances. According to Ohm's Law, the current flowing through a circuit is equal to the voltage divided by the total resistance.

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🔬SCScience SolutionConcept & Principle

💡 Explanation

💡 Everyday Analogy (Real-World Intuition)

Think of resistors in series like two narrow pipes connected end-to-end; the total resistance to water flow doubles, slowing the current down just like adding more resistance in a circuit.

🔢 Key Formulas

$R_{eq} = R_1 + R_2$ — Series resistance formula

$I = \frac{V}{R}$ — Ohm's Law

⚙️ Working Principle

In a series circuit, the total resistance $R_{eq}$ is calculated as $R_{eq} = R_1 + R_2$ . Given $R_1 = R_2 = 2\Omega$ , $R_{eq} = 2\Omega + 2\Omega = 4\Omega$ . Using Ohm's Law, $I = \frac{V}{R}$ , we find $I = \frac{4V}{4\Omega} = 1A$ .

📌 Key Points

▸
In series connections, the current remains the same through all components.
▸
Total resistance in series is always greater than the individual resistors.
▸
The SI unit for current is Ampere (A).

✅ Advantages

▸
Simple construction
▸
Current remains constant throughout the series path

❌ Disadvantages / Limitations

▸
If one component fails, the entire circuit is broken

🛠️ Applications / Uses

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Old-fashioned Christmas light strings
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Fuses in electrical circuits

📄 Additional Information

▸
Voltage $V = 4V$ , Resistance $R = 2\Omega + 2\Omega = 4\Omega$ .
▸
Option B (1) is correct because $\frac{4}{4} = 1$ .

📊 Diagram / Illustration

✅

B is correct — Using Ohm's Law, the total resistance of $4\Omega$ with a $4V$ supply results in a current of $1A$ .

Core Concepts Used

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Series resistance Ohm's Law Electrical current

💡 EXAM TIP

Always check if resistors are in series or parallel before calculating total resistance, as parallel resistors reduce the total resistance.

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