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A student in a lab noted the pH value of a solution to be 10. Which of the following statements is correct about a solution?
A solution is basic with a high hydrogen ion concentration.
A solution is acidic with a high hydrogen ion concentration.
A solution is basic with a high hydroxide ion concentration.
A solution is acidic with a high hydroxide ion concentration.
A solution is basic with a high hydroxide ion concentration.
A pH value of 10 indicates that the solution is basic (alkaline), as any value greater than 7 on the pH scale represents a basic solution. In such solutions, the concentration of hydroxide ions (OHтИТ) is significantly higher than the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+).
A pH value of 10 indicates that the solution is basic (alkaline), as any value greater than 7 on the pH scale represents a basic solution. In such solutions, the concentration of hydroxide ions (OHтИТ) is significantly higher than the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+).
Think of the pH scale like a see-saw: as the hydrogen ion concentration goes down (higher pH), the hydroxide ion concentration must go up, tipping the balance toward a basic state.
pH below 7 is acidic (A), pH above 7 is basic (B). Remember: 'B' for 'Basic' and 'Beyond 7'.
pH=тИТlog[H+] тАФ Mathematical definition of pH
[H+]├Ч[OHтИТ]=10тИТ14 тАФ Ionic product of water at 25┬░C
pH+pOH=14 тАФ Relationship between pH and pOH
The pH scale is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, given by pH=тИТlog[H+]. For aqueous solutions at 25┬░C, the relationship between pH and pOH is pH+pOH=14. Since the pH is 10, the pOH is 4, indicating a relatively high concentration of basic OHтИТ ions compared to H+ ions.
A pH value of 7 is neutral.
Solutions with pH > 7 are basic (alkaline).
Solutions with pH < 7 are acidic.
Higher pH values correlate with lower hydrogen ion concentration and higher hydroxide ion concentration.
Determining the alkalinity of household cleaners like detergents or bleach.
Analyzing chemical reactions in basic laboratory environments.
pH 10 is considered weakly to moderately basic.
Option A is incorrect because basic solutions have low hydrogen ion concentration.
Option B is incorrect because acidic solutions have pH < 7.
Option D is incorrect because acidic solutions have low hydroxide ion concentration.
C is correct тАФ A solution with a pH of 10 is basic and contains a high concentration of hydroxide ions.
Always remember the inverse relationship: as pH increases, acidity decreases and basicity increases; thus, [H+] decreases while [OHтИТ] increases.
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