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Which of the following scientists proposed the 'Law of Constant Proportions'?
JJ Thomson
Joseph Proust
Ernest Rutherford
E Goldstein
Joseph Proust
The 'Law of Constant Proportions', also known as the Law of Definite Proportions, was proposed by the French chemist Joseph Proust in 1799. It states that a chemical compound always contains its constituent elements in a fixed ratio by mass, regardless of its source or method of preparation.
The 'Law of Constant Proportions', also known as the Law of Definite Proportions, was proposed by the French chemist Joseph Proust in 1799. It states that a chemical compound always contains its constituent elements in a fixed ratio by mass, regardless of its source or method of preparation.
Think of a standardized recipe for a cake: no matter which baker makes it or where they are in the world, if the recipe is for a specific cake, the ratio of flour to sugar must remain constant for it to be that exact same cake.
Proust = Proportions: 'P' for Proust, 'P' for Proportions.
Mass┬аratio=Mass┬аof┬аelement┬аBMass┬аof┬аelement┬аAтАЛ=constant
This law operates on the principle that the atomic weights of elements are constant. Since compounds are formed by the bonding of specific atoms in whole-number ratios, the total mass contribution of each element in a given compound must remain in a constant, invariant proportion. For example, in water (H2тАЛO), the ratio of the mass of hydrogen to the mass of oxygen is always 1:8.
Proposed by Joseph Proust in 1799.
Validates that the elemental composition of a pure substance is fixed.
Fundamental to the development of Dalton's Atomic Theory.
Provides a basis for determining the chemical formula of compounds.
Allows for stoichiometric calculations in chemical reactions.
Does not apply to non-stoichiometric compounds (berthollides), where composition can vary slightly.
Determining the purity of chemical substances.
Predicting the required amounts of reactants in industrial chemical manufacturing.
Joseph Proust established this law by analyzing metal oxides, sulfides, and carbonates.
J.J. Thomson is known for the discovery of the electron and the plum-pudding model.
Ernest Rutherford is known for the discovery of the nucleus via the gold foil experiment.
E. Goldstein is known for the discovery of the proton (canal rays).
B is correct тАФ Joseph Proust proposed the Law of Constant Proportions.
Distinguish between 'Law of Constant Proportions' (Proust) and 'Law of Multiple Proportions' (Dalton) for exams; they are frequently confused.
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