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Mr. Saxena bought some pens at the rate of ₹150 per dozen. He sold them for ₹15 each. What is his profit/loss percentage?
20% profit
18.5% profit
28% loss
37.5% loss
20% profit
Calculate the Cost Price of 1 pen: ₹150 / 12 = ₹12.5. Since the Selling Price (₹15) is greater than the Cost Price (₹12.5), the profit is ₹2.5. The percentage is (2.5 / 12.5) * 100 = 1/5 * 100 = 20%.
Cost price of 12 pens (1 dozen) = ₹150. Selling price of 1 pen = ₹15.
Profit Percentage=(Cost PriceSelling Price−Cost Price)×100
Calculate the Cost Price of 1 pen: ₹150 / 12 = ₹12.5. Since the Selling Price (₹15) is greater than the Cost Price (₹12.5), the profit is ₹2.5. The percentage is (2.5 / 12.5) * 100 = 1/5 * 100 = 20%.
Students often compare the total cost of a dozen (₹150) with the price of only one pen (₹15) without normalizing to a single unit.
Calculate Cost Price per unit
Since the cost of 1 dozen (12 pens) is ₹150, find the cost of one pen.
CP of 1 pen=12150=12.5
Identify Selling Price per unit
The selling price of one pen is given directly.
SP of 1 pen=15
Determine Profit and Profit Percentage
Calculate profit (SP−CP) and convert to percentage using the formula.
Profit Percentage=12.515−12.5×100=12.52.5×100=20%
A is correct because the profit realized per unit is 20% of the cost price.
This concept is foundational for 'Discount' and 'Markup' problems, where you often switch between 'per item' and 'total lot' values.
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