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The advantages of high transmission voltage are
Area of cross-section is reduced
Reduced line losses
Increase efficiency
All of the above
Area of cross-section is reduced
High transmission voltage reduces the current required to transmit a specific amount of power, which leads to lower I┬▓R line losses and reduced conductor material requirements. This increased efficiency and cost-effectiveness make high-voltage transmission the standard for long-distance bulk power delivery.
High transmission voltage reduces the current required to transmit a specific amount of power, which leads to lower I┬▓R line losses and reduced conductor material requirements. This increased efficiency and cost-effectiveness make high-voltage transmission the standard for long-distance bulk power delivery.
I=Vcos╧ХPтАЛ тАФ Relationship between current, voltage, and power
PlossтАЛ=I2R тАФ Power loss equation showing dependence on current
For a constant power P transmitted over a distance with voltage V and power factor cos ╧Ж, the current I = P / (V cos ╧Ж). Since the area of cross-section of the conductor is directly proportional to current to maintain a constant current density, increasing V reduces current and cross-section (volume of copper). Furthermore, power loss PlossтАЛ=I2R decreases significantly as current is reduced by increasing V.
Volume of conductor material is inversely proportional to the square of the voltage (V2).
Transmission efficiency improves as the percentage voltage drop and line losses decrease.
Higher voltage levels allow for the transmission of larger power blocks over greater distances.
Reduced conductor volume (lower capital cost)
Higher transmission efficiency
Improved voltage regulation
Reduced line losses
Increased cost of transformers and switchgear
Higher insulation requirements
Corona loss increases at higher voltages
EHV (Extra High Voltage) transmission systems
HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) long-distance links
Grid interconnectors
Voltage levels are strictly defined; standard EHV levels in India include 400 kV and 765 kV.
Option A is correct because AтИЭIтИЭ1/V.
Option B is correct because PlossтАЛ=(VPтАЛ)2R.
D is correct тАФ High transmission voltage leads to reduced current, which inherently results in smaller required conductor areas, lower power losses, and higher overall system efficiency.
Remember that while high voltage reduces conductor volume, it necessitates increased expenditure on towers, insulation, and corona mitigation devices, often governed by Kelvin's Law for economic conductor sizing.