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CivilTransportation Engineering
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The distance travelled by revolving the wheel of a vehicle more than its circumferential movement is known as

A

Slip

B

Skid

C

Neither a or b

D

Both a and b

Correct Answer

тЪЩя╕П TE тАв Technical Concept & PrincipleCivilTransportation Engineering
Option B

Skid

Quick Summary:

Skid occurs when the actual linear distance covered by a vehicle is less than the distance that would have been covered based on the wheel's rotation. In this condition, the rotational speed of the wheel is slower than the forward velocity of the vehicle, often caused by braking forces that lock the wheel.

тЪЩя╕ПTETechnical SolutionConcept & Principle
ЁЯТб Explanation

Skid occurs when the actual linear distance covered by a vehicle is less than the distance that would have been covered based on the wheel's rotation. In this condition, the rotational speed of the wheel is slower than the forward velocity of the vehicle, often caused by braking forces that lock the wheel.

ЁЯФв Key Formulas

Skid=VvehicleтИТR╧ЙVvehicleS_{kid} = \frac{V_{vehicle} - R\omega}{V_{vehicle}}SkidтАЛ=VvehicleтАЛVvehicleтАЛтИТR╧ЙтАЛ тАФ where RRR is wheel radius and ╧Й\omega╧Й is angular velocity, resulting in a negative value for skid.

тЪЩя╕П Working Principle

Skidding is defined by a negative slip value. When a wheel is locked due to braking, its circumferential velocity (vwv_wvwтАЛ) becomes zero while the vehicle maintains a forward velocity (vvv), resulting in the wheel sliding over the road surface rather than rolling. The distance the vehicle travels is greater than the distance dictated by the wheel's rotation, leading to loss of control and tire wear.

ЁЯУМ Key Points
  • тЦ╕

    Skid happens when wheel rotation is less than linear travel.

  • тЦ╕

    Slip happens when wheel rotation is more than linear travel (wheel spinning).

  • тЦ╕

    Both conditions result in loss of traction and stability.

  • тЦ╕

    Skidding is primarily caused by excessive braking or low surface friction.

тЭМ Disadvantages / Limitations
  • тЦ╕

    Reduced braking efficiency

  • тЦ╕

    Loss of directional control (steering)

  • тЦ╕

    Excessive tire tread wear

ЁЯЫая╕П Applications / Uses
  • тЦ╕

    Vehicle dynamics analysis

  • тЦ╕

    Tire design and safety testing

ЁЯФД Comparison Table
FeatureSkidSlip

Relationship

Vehicle Distance > Wheel Rotation

Vehicle Distance < Wheel Rotation

ЁЯУД Additional Information
  • тЦ╕

    Slip is often defined as the wheel spinning faster than the vehicle movement (common during rapid acceleration on loose surfaces).

  • тЦ╕

    Option A is incorrect because Slip refers to the excess rotational velocity relative to ground speed.

ЁЯУК Diagram / Illustration
Skid Condition DefinitionDistance_vehicle > ╧А D NWhere D=Diameter, N=RevolutionsSlip = (v - v_w / v) (Negative for Skid)
тЬЕ

B is correct тАФ Skidding is defined as the condition where the linear distance traveled by the vehicle exceeds the distance corresponding to the rotation of the wheels.

Core Concepts Used
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Vehicle Dynamics Tire-Road Interaction Braking Mechanics
ЁЯТб EXAM TIP

Always differentiate between Slip and Skid based on the velocity ratio: vw>vv_w > vvwтАЛ>v is slip, while v>vwv > v_wv>vwтАЛ is skid; these concepts are critical for understanding ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) logic.

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