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The focal length of a concave mirror is 20 cm. What is its radius of curvature?
10 cm
20 cm
40 cm
80 cm
40 cm
The radius of curvature (R) of a spherical mirror is defined as twice its focal length (f). For a concave mirror with a focal length of 20┬аcm, the radius of curvature is 2imes20┬аcm=40┬аcm.
The radius of curvature (R) of a spherical mirror is defined as twice its focal length (f). For a concave mirror with a focal length of 20┬аcm, the radius of curvature is 2imes20┬аcm=40┬аcm.
Think of the mirror as a slice of a large ball; the distance from the center of that ball to the edge is the radius, and the mirror's focus sits halfway between the center and the edge.
R is double F: Reach (R) for the Focus (F) and Double it.
R=2f тАФ Radius of curvature is twice the focal length
f=2RтАЛ тАФ Focal length is half the radius of curvature
A spherical mirror is essentially a part of a hollow sphere. The center of this sphere is called the Center of Curvature (C), and the distance from the pole of the mirror to C is the radius of curvature (R). The focal point (F) is the midpoint between the pole and the center of curvature, establishing the geometric relationship R=2f.
The focal length (f) is the distance between the pole and the principal focus.
For concave mirrors, f and R are considered negative according to the sign convention.
The relationship R=2f holds true for mirrors with small apertures.
Simple linear relationship allowing easy conversion for optical calculations.
The relation R=2f is an approximation that becomes less accurate for mirrors with large apertures due to spherical aberration.
Design of reflecting telescopes
Headlights of vehicles and searchlights
In the Cartesian sign convention, concave mirrors have a negative focal length (f<0).
Option A is half the focal length, Option B is equal to the focal length, and Option D is four times the focal length.
C is correct тАФ The radius of curvature is mathematically defined as twice the focal length of the spherical mirror.
Always remember that for lenses, f=2RтАЛ is also used for thin lenses, and sign conventions are critical in competitive exams to avoid errors with virtual vs. real images.