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The receiving end voltage of a radial distribution network is 24 kV. What will be the sending end voltage, if the voltage drop is calculated 25% of receiving end voltage?
18 kV
32 kV
30 kV
36 kV
30 kV
In a radial distribution network, the sending end voltage (VsтАЛ) is the sum of the receiving end voltage (VrтАЛ) and the voltage drop (VdropтАЛ) across the line impedance. Given VrтАЛ=24┬аkV and VdropтАЛ=25%┬аof┬аVrтАЛ, the total sending end voltage is calculated as VsтАЛ=VrтАЛ+0.25├ЧVrтАЛ.
IEEE Std 141-1993
In a radial distribution network, the sending end voltage (VsтАЛ) is the sum of the receiving end voltage (VrтАЛ) and the voltage drop (VdropтАЛ) across the line impedance. Given VrтАЛ=24┬аkV and VdropтАЛ=25%┬аof┬аVrтАЛ, the total sending end voltage is calculated as VsтАЛ=VrтАЛ+0.25├ЧVrтАЛ.
VsтАЛ=VrтАЛ+VdropтАЛ тАФ The fundamental voltage balance equation for a radial feeder
VdropтАЛ=0.25├ЧVrтАЛ тАФ The specific drop condition provided in the problem
The distribution line possesses series resistance and reactance, which cause a potential difference between the source and the load. As current flows through the line, the voltage drop is subtracted from the source, meaning the sending end must be higher than the receiving end to maintain the required load voltage.
Radial feeders are the simplest distribution configuration but suffer from voltage regulation issues.
Voltage drop is proportional to the current and the line impedance (Z=R+jX).
Maintaining voltage within permissible limits (┬▒5%┬аto┬а┬▒10%) is critical for power quality.
Simple design and protection coordination
Lower initial capital expenditure
Poor reliability compared to ring or grid systems
Significant voltage drop at the end of the feeder
Rural electrification networks
Low voltage distribution in residential areas
Calculation: VsтАЛ=24┬аkV+(0.25├Ч24┬аkV)=24┬аkV+6┬аkV=30┬аkV.
Option B (32 kV) is incorrect as it assumes a 33.3% drop; Option D (36 kV) is incorrect as it assumes a 50% drop.
C is correct тАФ The sending end voltage is the sum of the receiving end voltage and the specified 25% drop, totaling 30 kV.
In competitive exams, always check if the voltage drop is given as a percentage of the sending end or receiving end, as this significantly alters the algebraic setup.
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