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The value of ruling gradient in hills, recommended by IRC is
in 10
in 20
in 30
in 40
in 20
According to the Indian Roads Congress (IRC) standards, the ruling gradient for roads in hilly terrain is recommended as 1 in 20 (or 5%). This value is chosen to ensure a balance between construction costs, safety, and the operating efficiency of vehicles navigating steep slopes.
According to the Indian Roads Congress (IRC) standards, the ruling gradient for roads in hilly terrain is recommended as 1 in 20 (or 5%). This value is chosen to ensure a balance between construction costs, safety, and the operating efficiency of vehicles navigating steep slopes.
G=201тАЛ=0.05
In hilly regions, the choice of gradient is governed by the engine power of heavy vehicles and the safety of downhill travel. A gradient of 1 in 20 limits the climb effort required while minimizing excessive earthwork and cutting costs, which would be significantly higher with flatter gradients.
Ruling gradient is the maximum gradient allowed for most sections of the highway.
IRC specifies 1 in 20 (5%) as the standard ruling gradient for hilly terrain.
Limiting gradients are steeper and used only when unavoidable to reduce cost.
Exceptional gradients are even steeper and used only for short stretches.
Optimal balance between vehicle performance and road safety
Reduces total excavation and construction costs in mountainous regions
May require lower speeds for heavy commercial vehicles
Increases engine wear and fuel consumption for ascending vehicles
Design of mountain highways
Geometric design of hill roads as per IRC:73
IRC:73-1980 is the primary code for Geometric Design Standards for Rural Highways.
For plains, the ruling gradient is typically 1 in 30 (3.3%).
Options like 1 in 30 are standard for plains, making them incorrect for hilly terrain.
B is correct тАФ The recommended ruling gradient for hilly roads by IRC is 1 in 20.
Always distinguish between 'Plain/Rolling' terrain (typically 1 in 30) and 'Hilly' terrain (typically 1 in 20) when solving IRC-based highway geometry questions.