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To run a straight line between two points, when both ends are inter visible. We establish intermediate points through ________
line of sight
balancing
using random line
backsight
line of sight
When two points are intervisible, the surveyor can establish intermediate points directly along the line of sight by aligning a ranging rod with the established end points. This process ensures that all intermediate points maintain collinearity with the terminal stations.
When two points are intervisible, the surveyor can establish intermediate points directly along the line of sight by aligning a ranging rod with the established end points. This process ensures that all intermediate points maintain collinearity with the terminal stations.
LtotalтАЛ=тИСi=1nтАЛliтАЛ тАФ total distance measurement logic
╬╕=0 тАФ condition for collinearity in horizontal alignment
The principle relies on the property of light traveling in a straight line. By sighting from one end point to the other using a theodolite or ranging rods, any intermediate point is positioned such that it remains within the optical plane or straight-line path defined by the two terminal stations.
Direct ranging is the simplest method for establishing intermediate points.
It is applicable only when there is clear visibility between end points.
The process uses ranging rods to maintain visual alignment.
If the points are not intervisible, indirect methods like 'balancing' or 'double intersection' are employed.
Highly accurate for short distances
Fast and simple execution
Cannot be used if there is an obstacle between end points
Accuracy decreases with distance due to visual limitations
Baseline measurement
Highway and railway alignment setting out
Option B (balancing) is used when points are not intervisible due to a hill or obstacle.
Option C (random line) is an indirect ranging method used when end points are not intervisible.
Backsight (Option D) is a term related to leveling, not linear ranging.
A is correct тАФ When points are intervisible, intermediate points are established by directly sighting through the line of sight connecting the two stations.
Always verify if end points are intervisible before choosing a ranging method; if they are not, select methods like reciprocal ranging or random line.
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