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What determines the sex of a child in humans?
Environmental cues
The temperature at which fertilised eggs are placed
The fate of the embryo
Genetic constitution
Genetic constitution
In human beings, the sex of a child is determined by the genetic constitution inherited from the parents. Females have two X chromosomes (XX) producing all X-carrying eggs, while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY) producing 50% X-carrying and 50% Y-carrying sperm. The fusion of an egg with an X-sperm results in a female child (XX), whereas fusion with a Y-sperm results in a male child (XY).
In human beings, the sex of a child is determined by the genetic constitution inherited from the parents. Females have two X chromosomes (XX) producing all X-carrying eggs, while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY) producing 50% X-carrying and 50% Y-carrying sperm. The fusion of an egg with an X-sperm results in a female child (XX), whereas fusion with a Y-sperm results in a male child (XY).
Sex determination in humans follows the XX-XY type mechanism governed by the sex chromosomes (23rd pair of chromosomes out of 46 total chromosomes).
Humans have 23 pairs (46 total) of chromosomes; 22 pairs are autosomes and 1 pair (23rd) consists of sex chromosomes.
Females have homomorphic sex chromosomes (XX), making them homogametic (produce only X-type eggs).
Males have heteromorphic sex chromosomes (XY), making them heterogametic (produce 50% X-type and 50% Y-type sperm).
The presence of the Y chromosome (specifically the SRY gene) triggers male sexual development.
Option A & B (Environmental cues and incubation temperature) determine sex in certain reptiles like turtles, crocodiles, and some lizards, but not in humans.
Option C (Fate of embryo) is an incorrect biological premise because sex is determined at the precise moment of fertilization based on genetic makeup.
In humans, each pregnancy carries a statistically equal 50% probability of yielding a male or a female child.
D is correct тАФ Human sex determination is strictly biological and governed by the genetic composition of sex chromosomes inherited at fertilization.
Questions on genetics frequently link human chromosome counts (46 chromosomes / 23 pairs) with genetic disorders like Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21), Turner Syndrome (45, XO), and Klinefelter Syndrome (47, XXY).
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