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CivilSurveying
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What is the horizontal distance when the sloping distance is 100 m and angle of slope is 15º?

A

96.592 m

B

98.592 m

C

97.592 m

D

100.592 m

Correct Answer

⚙️ TE • Technical Trigonometric ResolutionCivilSurveying
Option A

96.592 m

Quick Summary:

Given: Sloping distance (hypotenuse) L = 100 m, Angle of slope (θ) = 15º

📐MAMath SolutionTrigonometric Resolution
📋 Given

Sloping distance (hypotenuse) L = 100 m, Angle of slope (θ) = 15º

🔢 Formula Used

D=L×cos⁡(θ)D = L \times \cos(\theta)D=L×cos(θ)

📊 Diagram / Illustration
100 mHorizontal Distance (D)15º
🔢 Step-by-Step Solution
1

Identify the geometry

In a right-angled triangle formed by the slope, the horizontal distance is the adjacent side to the angle of inclination.

Adjacent=Hypotenuse×cos⁡(θ)\text{Adjacent} = \text{Hypotenuse} \times \cos(\theta)Adjacent=Hypotenuse×cos(θ)

2

Substitute given values

Substitute the sloping distance L=100 mL = 100\text{ m}L=100 m and the angle θ=15°\theta = 15°θ=15° into the trigonometric formula.

D=100×cos⁡(15°)D = 100 \times \cos(15°)D=100×cos(15°)

3

Calculate the result

Using the value cos⁡(15°)≈0.96592\cos(15°) \approx 0.96592cos(15°)≈0.96592, calculate the final horizontal distance.

D=100×0.96592=96.592 mD = 100 \times 0.96592 = 96.592\text{ m}D=100×0.96592=96.592 m

✅

A is correct because the horizontal component of the slope distance is calculated as 100×cos⁡(15°)100 \times \cos(15°)100×cos(15°), which equals 96.592 m96.592\text{ m}96.592 m.

Core Concepts Used
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Trigonometry Surveying Principles Horizontal Components
💡 EXAM TIP

This concept is fundamental in 'Correction for Slope' in chain surveying, where the horizontal distance is needed to compensate for errors introduced by measuring along a gradient.

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