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What is the horizontal distance when the sloping distance is 100 m and angle of slope is 15º?
96.592 m
98.592 m
97.592 m
100.592 m
96.592 m
Given: Sloping distance (hypotenuse) L = 100 m, Angle of slope (θ) = 15º
Sloping distance (hypotenuse) L = 100 m, Angle of slope (θ) = 15º
D=L×cos(θ)
Identify the geometry
In a right-angled triangle formed by the slope, the horizontal distance is the adjacent side to the angle of inclination.
Adjacent=Hypotenuse×cos(θ)
Substitute given values
Substitute the sloping distance L=100 m and the angle θ=15° into the trigonometric formula.
D=100×cos(15°)
Calculate the result
Using the value cos(15°)≈0.96592, calculate the final horizontal distance.
D=100×0.96592=96.592 m
A is correct because the horizontal component of the slope distance is calculated as 100×cos(15°), which equals 96.592 m.
This concept is fundamental in 'Correction for Slope' in chain surveying, where the horizontal distance is needed to compensate for errors introduced by measuring along a gradient.