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Which chemical element has the highest melting point?
Iron (Fe) - 1,538 ┬░C
Tungsten (W) - 3,422 ┬░C
Platinum (Pt) - 1,768 ┬░C
Gold (Au) - 1,064 ┬░C
Tungsten (W) - 3,422 ┬░C
Tungsten (W) holds the highest melting point of all pure metallic elements, specifically reaching approximately 3,422 ┬░C (6,192 ┬░F). Among the pure elements in the periodic table, it is only surpassed by carbon in terms of melting point, though carbon does not melt at standard atmospheric pressure.
Tungsten (W) holds the highest melting point of all pure metallic elements, specifically reaching approximately 3,422 ┬░C (6,192 ┬░F). Among the pure elements in the periodic table, it is only surpassed by carbon in terms of melting point, though carbon does not melt at standard atmospheric pressure.
Think of Tungsten's atoms as being held together by ultra-strong magnetic glue, requiring an immense amount of thermal energy to break their grip compared to metals like Gold or Iron.
Tungsten is 'Tough as Titan'тАФthe T-T association helps remember it handles the 'Top Temperature'.
TmтАЛ тАФ melting point temperature
EbтАЛтИЭZeffтАЛ тАФ relationship between bond energy and effective nuclear charge
The extremely high melting point of Tungsten is due to the strength of the metallic bonds between its atoms. Tungsten has a half-filled 5d electron shell, which allows for strong covalent character in its bonding, significantly increasing the energy required to disrupt the crystal lattice structure. The large number of delocalized electrons per atom contributes to a very high bond dissociation energy.
Tungsten has the atomic number 74 and symbol W (derived from Wolfram).
Carbon has a higher sublimation point but does not technically 'melt' at standard pressure.
Tungsten is a transition metal with the highest tensile strength at high temperatures.
Retains structural integrity at extremely high temperatures
Excellent electrical conductivity
High density and hardness
Brittle at room temperature
Difficult to machine and fabricate
High density increases weight in structural components
Incandescent light bulb filaments
High-speed steel tool bits and aerospace components
Radiation shielding
Melting point of Iron is ~1,538 ┬░C, Platinum ~1,768 ┬░C, and Gold ~1,064 ┬░C.
Option B is the correct choice because its melting point is significantly higher than the others listed.
B is correct тАФ Tungsten exhibits the highest melting point of all pure metals due to its strong interatomic metallic-covalent bonding.
Always remember that while Tungsten is the metal with the highest melting point, Carbon is the element that remains solid at the highest temperature (sublimation), which is a common trick in competitive exams.