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Which loss in transformer varies with load
Hysteresis loss
Eddy current loss
Core loss
Copper loss
Copper loss
Copper loss in a transformer is a variable loss because it depends directly on the magnitude of the current flowing through the windings. As the electrical load on the secondary side increases, the load current increases, causing the I2R losses to rise quadratically.
Copper loss in a transformer is a variable loss because it depends directly on the magnitude of the current flowing through the windings. As the electrical load on the secondary side increases, the load current increases, causing the I2R losses to rise quadratically.
PcuтАЛ=I1тАЛ┬░2R1тАЛ+I2тАЛ┬░2R2тАЛ тАФ Total copper loss in terms of primary and secondary winding currents and resistances
Pcu(load)тАЛ=x2Pcu(FL)тАЛ тАФ Copper loss at a fraction 'x' of full load
Copper losses occur due to the ohmic resistance of the transformer primary and secondary windings. Since the winding resistance (R) is constant at a fixed temperature, the power dissipation PcuтАЛ=I2R varies with the square of the current (I), which is dictated by the transformer load.
Copper losses are also known as I┬▓R losses or ohmic losses.
These losses are dependent on the load current and are independent of the flux or voltage frequency.
They contribute to the heating of transformer windings, affecting the transformer's efficiency curve.
At full load, copper losses are maximum; at no load, they are practically zero.
Used to determine the efficiency of the transformer at any given load.
Provides data for thermal design and cooling requirements of the transformer.
Represents energy wastage as heat.
Limits the maximum power capacity of the transformer due to thermal constraints.
Power system efficiency calculations.
Determination of transformer ratings and cooling system sizing.
Core loss (Iron loss) includes Hysteresis and Eddy Current losses, which remain essentially constant regardless of load because they depend on supply voltage and frequency.
Option A and B are components of Core loss, which is considered constant.
D is correct тАФ Copper loss is a variable loss because it is proportional to the square of the load current (I2R).
Remember: Constant losses (Core loss) occur even at no-load, while variable losses (Copper loss) follow the load cycle; this distinction is crucial for calculating the 'All-Day Efficiency' of distribution transformers.