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Which of the following statements is NOT a characteristic property of liquids?
Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape.
The intermolecular forces in liquids are weaker than in solids.
Liquids are highly compressible compared to gases.
Liquids exhibit the property of fluidity.
Liquids are highly compressible compared to gases.
Liquids are essentially incompressible because their constituent particles are already closely packed, leaving very little intermolecular space. Gases, on the other hand, have large intermolecular distances, making them highly compressible under pressure.
Liquids are essentially incompressible because their constituent particles are already closely packed, leaving very little intermolecular space. Gases, on the other hand, have large intermolecular distances, making them highly compressible under pressure.
Trying to compress a bottle full of water is nearly impossible, whereas a bottle full of air (a balloon) can be easily squeezed into a smaller volume.
╬║=тИТV1тАЛdPdVтАЛ тАФ where ╬║ represents the isothermal compressibility of the substance.
In states of matter, compressibility depends on the free space between molecules. In solids and liquids, the particles are in close contact, so applying external pressure results in negligible volume reduction. In gases, the kinetic energy is high and intermolecular attraction is weak, allowing particles to be pushed significantly closer together, resulting in high compressibility.
Liquids maintain a constant volume due to strong intermolecular cohesive forces.
The compressibility of liquids is approximately 104 to 106 times smaller than that of gases.
Fluidity refers to the ability of liquids to flow, which occurs because particles can slide over one another.
Hydraulic braking systems rely on the incompressibility of liquids.
Hydraulic lifts use liquid pressure to transmit force.
| Feature | Liquids | Gases |
|---|---|---|
Compressibility | Negligible/Very Low | Very High |
Option A is true: Liquids fill the shape of the container but keep their volume constant.
Option B is true: Intermolecular forces in liquids are weaker than in solids but much stronger than in gases.
Option D is true: Fluidity is a characteristic property caused by the weak resistance to particle movement.
C is correct тАФ Liquids are actually nearly incompressible; it is gases that are highly compressible due to large inter-particle voids.
Always remember the order of compressibility: Solids<LiquidsтЙкGases. Exams often swap 'liquids' and 'gases' in these statements.