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Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the 106th Constitutional Amendment Act? 1) It reserves one-third of seats for women in Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. 2) It provides for sub-reservation for SC/ST within the women's quota. 3) It came into effect immediately upon passing in 2023.
Only┬а1
1 ┬аand┬а2
2 ┬аand┬а3
1, 2 ┬аand┬а3
1 ┬аand┬а2
Verify the implementation timeline clause: since delimitation and census requirements are mandatory before enforcement, statement 3 is incorrect, immediately eliminating options C and D.
Provisions and implementation terms of the 106th Constitutional Amendment Act regarding women's reservation.
Reserved┬аSeats=31тАЛ├ЧTotal┬аLegislative┬аSeats
Verify the implementation timeline clause: since delimitation and census requirements are mandatory before enforcement, statement 3 is incorrect, immediately eliminating options C and D.
Assuming that bills passed by Parliament and assented to by the President come into force immediately without requiring administrative milestones like census and delimitation.
Analyze Statement 1
The 106th Constitutional Amendment Act (Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam) mandates one-third reservation for women in the Lok Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies, and the Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, making statement 1 correct.
Quota=31тАЛ
Analyze Statement 2
The Act explicitly provides for sub-reservation (horizontal reservation within vertical quotas) for women belonging to Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) from within the seats reserved for women, making statement 2 correct.
Sub-reservationтИИSC/ST
Analyze Statement 3
The Act does not come into effect immediately upon enactment in 2023; instead, it will come into effect after an exercise of delimitation is undertaken based on the first census taken after the Act's commencement, making statement 3 incorrect.
EnforcementюАа=Immediate
B is correct because statements 1 and 2 accurately state the reservation fraction and SC/ST sub-reservation provisions of the 106th Constitutional Amendment Act, while statement 3 is incorrect as enforcement depends on future delimitation.
Note the crucial distinction in Indian polity between legislative enactment dates and deferred enforcement clauses tied to censuses and delimitation commissions.
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