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Which of the following theodolite based on movement of telescope on horizontal axis in vertical plan through?
Non-transit
Transit
Y
All of the above
Transit
A transit theodolite is an instrument where the telescope can be revolved through a complete 360-degree rotation about its horizontal axis in a vertical plane ┬╖ This motion, known as 'transiting' or 'plunging,' is essential for extending survey lines and performing vertical angle measurements.
A transit theodolite is an instrument where the telescope can be revolved through a complete 360-degree rotation about its horizontal axis in a vertical plane ┬╖ This motion, known as 'transiting' or 'plunging,' is essential for extending survey lines and performing vertical angle measurements.
R=360┬░ тАФ Full rotation capacity of the transit telescope
The principle relies on the trunnion axis (horizontal axis) around which the telescope rotates ┬╖ In transit theodolites, the telescope is mounted on standards, allowing it to flip upside down, which facilitates back-sighting and the measurement of vertical angles beyond the limits of non-transit models.
A transit theodolite allows the telescope to revolve 180 degrees in the vertical plane, effectively pointing the objective lens backwards.
Non-transit theodolites are restricted and cannot rotate the telescope completely about the horizontal axis.
Transit theodolites are the modern standard for surveying due to their versatility in both horizontal and vertical angle measurement.
The process of reversing the telescope is technically called 'transiting' or 'plunging'.
Enables simple back-sighting by transiting the telescope.
Increased versatility in measuring vertical angles in both directions.
Essential for prolonging straight survey lines accurately.
More complex mechanical construction compared to non-transit theodolites.
Potentially higher cost due to the precision of the horizontal axis assembly.
Theodolite traversing
Precise vertical angle determination
Prolonging survey lines in civil engineering projects
| Feature | Non-transit | Transit |
|---|---|---|
Vertical Rotation | Restricted (Non-transit) | 360\degree (Transit) |
Y-theodolites are an older design where the telescope rests in Y-shaped supports and are generally non-transit.
Option A (Non-transit) is incorrect because it cannot revolve fully in the vertical plane.
Option C (Y-theodolite) is an obsolete design classification.
B is correct тАФ Transit theodolites allow the telescope to revolve completely through 360 degrees in the vertical plane.
Always remember that in surveying instrumentation, 'transit' refers to the ability to rotate the telescope through the vertical plane, which is the defining feature of modern engineering theodolites.