Join 60,000+ competitive exam aspirants
or with email
Your Cart
SubtotalтВ╣0
TotalтВ╣0
Examoogle тАв User тАв info@examoogle.com тАв EE-2024-8821
Chapter 1 of 12 тАв Page 1 of 248ЁЯФТ Protected PDF тАв Watermarked
Join 60,000+ competitive exam aspirants
Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell'?
Nucleus
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles that serve as the site of aerobic cellular respiration. They generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which acts as the chemical energy currency of the cell, sustaining various metabolic processes.
Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles that serve as the site of aerobic cellular respiration. They generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which acts as the chemical energy currency of the cell, sustaining various metabolic processes.
Just as a power station burns fuel to generate electricity for a city, the mitochondria 'burn' glucose using oxygen to generate energy for the cell.
Mitochondria are Mighty because they make the Money (ATP) for the cell.
ADP+PiтАЛ+EnergyтЖТATP
C6тАЛH12тАЛO6тАЛ+6O2тАЛтЖТ6CO2тАЛ+6H2тАЛO+36тИТ38ATP
The mitochondria perform oxidative phosphorylation, a process involving the electron transport chain (ETC) located on the inner mitochondrial membrane (cristae). High-energy electrons are passed through protein complexes, creating a proton gradient that drives the enzyme ATP synthase to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP. The overall chemical reaction is represented as: C6тАЛH12тАЛO6тАЛ+6O2тАЛтЖТ6CO2тАЛ+6H2тАЛO+Energy┬а(ATP).
Mitochondria possess their own circular DNA and 70S ribosomes, suggesting an endosymbiotic origin.
The inner membrane is highly folded into structures called cristae to increase the surface area for ATP production.
They are the primary site for the Krebs cycle (Citric Acid Cycle).
Efficient energy production compared to anaerobic pathways.
Susceptible to mutations as they contain their own genome; associated with mitochondrial diseases.
Muscle cells contain high concentrations of mitochondria due to high energy demand.
Used in evolutionary biology studies (mitochondrial DNA is maternally inherited).
The term 'powerhouse of the cell' was coined by Philip Siekevitz in 1957.
Option A (Nucleus) is the control center/brain of the cell.
Option B (Ribosome) is the protein synthesis machinery.
Option D (Golgi apparatus) acts as the cell's packaging and shipping department.
C is correct тАФ Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they synthesize the majority of ATP required for cellular functions.
Always link the concept of cellular respiration in mitochondria to the respiratory system in biology to understand how O2тАЛ is supplied to cells for energy.