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Which size of theodolite can be use in ordinary surveying?
8 to 10 cm
8 to 12 cm
8 to 15 cm
8 to 18 cm
8 to 12 cm
The size of a theodolite is conventionally designated by the diameter of its main graduated horizontal circle ┬╖ For ordinary surveying purposes, the standard circle diameter ranges from 8 cm to 12 cm, as these sizes provide a balance between portability and precision.
The size of a theodolite is conventionally designated by the diameter of its main graduated horizontal circle ┬╖ For ordinary surveying purposes, the standard circle diameter ranges from 8 cm to 12 cm, as these sizes provide a balance between portability and precision.
D=2├ЧR тАФ where D is the diameter of the horizontal circle and R is the radius
The horizontal circle diameter determines the length of the vernier scale or the sensitivity of the micrometers ┬╖ A smaller diameter (8-12 cm) is sufficient for ordinary work where high precision is not required, making the instrument lighter and easier to transport in the field ┬╖ Instruments with larger diameters (above 15 cm) are reserved for primary triangulation and geodetic surveys where higher accuracy is necessary for angular measurements.
Theodolite size refers to the diameter of the lower horizontal graduated circle.
Small-sized theodolites (8-12 cm) are ideal for general civil engineering projects.
Larger theodolites offer higher resolution but increased weight and setup time.
Selection depends on the required precision of angular measurement for the survey project.
Increased portability for field staff
Faster centering and leveling on the tripod
Cost-effective for general site surveys
Lower angular resolution compared to larger instruments
Not suitable for high-precision geodetic control networks
Topographic surveys
Traversing for road alignment
General site marking and construction layout
The range 8 to 12 cm is universally accepted in Indian standard practice for manual theodolites.
Option A (8-10 cm) is narrower than the standard range.
Option C (8-15 cm) and D (8-18 cm) include sizes typically classified as transit or geodetic theodolites.
B is correct тАФ 8 to 12 cm is the standard diameter range used for the horizontal circle of a theodolite in ordinary surveying operations.
Remember that precision in angular measurement is directly proportional to the size of the graduated scale; always correlate the survey objective with the instrument size to avoid over-specification.