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Which specific plant hormone is primarily responsible for the ripening of fruits by promoting the conversion of starch into sugar?
Auxin
Ethylene
Gibberellins
Abscisic Acid
Ethylene
Ethylene is the primary gaseous plant hormone responsible for accelerating the ripening of fruits. It triggers physiological changes such as softening, coloring, and the enzymatic conversion of stored starch into sweet sugars.
Ethylene is the primary gaseous plant hormone responsible for accelerating the ripening of fruits. It triggers physiological changes such as softening, coloring, and the enzymatic conversion of stored starch into sweet sugars.
Placing a brown paper bag around an unripe banana traps the ethylene gas produced by the fruit, creating a miniature environment that speeds up its ripening process.
ETHYLENE: Expedites The Harvest's Yield Levels, Enhancing Natural Evolution (ripening).
C2тАЛH4тАЛ тАФ Chemical formula for ethylene gas
Ethylene acts as a signaling molecule that binds to specific receptors on plant cell membranes. This activates a signal transduction pathway that stimulates hydrolytic enzymes like amylase (which breaks down starch into sugars), pectinase (which softens cell walls), and cellulase, transforming a firm, unripe fruit into a ripe, edible one.
Ethylene is the only known gaseous plant hormone, existing as a volatile hydrocarbon gas at room temperature.
It promotes the conversion of complex carbohydrates (starch) into simple, sweet sugars during the ripening phase.
Climacteric fruits (like bananas, tomatoes, and apples) show a sharp rise in respiration and endogenous ethylene production during ripening.
Enables controlled commercial fruit ripening and uniform distribution.
Can lead to rapid over-ripening, spoilage, and economic loss if exposure is poorly managed.
Artificial ripening of fruits like mangoes and bananas using ethephon solutions.
Commercial storage of fruits in controlled atmosphere (CA) storage equipped with ethylene scrubbers to prolong shelf life.
Ethylene is biologically synthesized from the amino acid methionine via S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC).
Option A (Auxin) is primarily responsible for apical dominance, cell elongation, and adventitious root formation.
Option C (Gibberellins) stimulate stem elongation, seed germination, and bolting.
Option D (Abscisic Acid or ABA) acts as a stress hormone that induces stomatal closure during drought and maintains seed dormancy.
B is correct тАФ Ethylene is the gaseous plant hormone that triggers fruit ripening and the conversion of starch to sugar.
In competitive exams like RRB JE, remember that ethylene is unique because it is a gas, whereas auxin, gibberellins, and abscisic acid are transported through vascular tissues.
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