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Which type of wiring is suitable for multi-storied building ?
Tree system
Ring main system
Distribution board system
Ring main and distribution board system
Tree system
The tree system is the most suitable and commonly used wiring method for multi-storied buildings and large installations. It functions by distributing power from a main switchgear through sub-main circuits and distribution boards located at various levels or sections.
The tree system is the most suitable and commonly used wiring method for multi-storied buildings and large installations. It functions by distributing power from a main switchgear through sub-main circuits and distribution boards located at various levels or sections.
ItotalтАЛ=Ibranch1тАЛ+Ibranch2тАЛ+...+IbranchnтАЛ тАФ Total current demand calculation for multi-storied wiring
In the tree system, the main supply is tapped from a central point to various distribution boards through sub-main cables. These sub-mains then feed smaller branch circuits that supply power to individual loads or rooms. This branching structure resembles the trunk and branches of a tree, allowing for efficient power distribution across multiple floors.
Tree system is economical for large installations due to reduced cable length.
It requires fewer junctions compared to other systems.
Individual branch circuits are protected by their own fuses or MCBs at the distribution boards.
Economical due to less wiring length.
Simple to install in large buildings.
Easy to isolate specific floors/areas for maintenance.
A fault in the main sub-circuit can disconnect an entire floor or section.
Voltage drop at the end of the branches can be significant if not properly designed.
Multi-storied residential complexes
Large office buildings
Factory installations
The tree system is sometimes referred to as the 'sub-main' system in industrial wiring.
Ring main systems are preferred for reliability in critical loads but are costlier and harder to implement for vertical multi-storied scaling.
A is correct тАФ The tree system is suitable for multi-storied buildings because it effectively branches power distribution from a central source to multiple levels using sub-mains.
Always remember that in large buildings, the priority shifts from individual point-to-point reliability to cost-efficiency and systematic fault isolation via sectionalized distribution.