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With reference to fluvial geomorphic processes in the Indian subcontinent, the Indo- Gangetic Plains have been formed predominantly due to the long-term accumulation of which specific type of deposits?
Aeolian sand deposits formed under arid climatic conditions
Glacial till deposited directly by valley glaciers
Marine sediments laid down by repeated sea transgressions
Alluvial sediments deposited by Himalayan river systems "
Alluvial sediments deposited by Himalayan river systems "
The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a vast aggradational landform created by the massive deposition of alluvium brought by the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra river systems and their tributaries. Over millions of years, these Himalayan rivers eroded the mountain ranges and deposited the sediments in the extensive foredeep basin formed at the foothills of the Himalayas.
The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a vast aggradational landform created by the massive deposition of alluvium brought by the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra river systems and their tributaries. Over millions of years, these Himalayan rivers eroded the mountain ranges and deposited the sediments in the extensive foredeep basin formed at the foothills of the Himalayas.
The Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra Plain is the largest alluvial tract in the world, covering approximately 7 lakh square kilometers and extending about 3,200 km from the Indus in the west to the Brahmaputra in the east.
The plain is divided into three distinct zones: Bhabar, Terai, and the Alluvial plains (Bangar and Khadar).
Bangar refers to the older alluvium, while Khadar represents the newer, fertile floodplains.
The formation process is known as aggradation, where the river's reduced velocity leads to the shedding of its sediment load.
Aeolian deposits (Option A) are characteristic of the Thar Desert (Rajasthan), not the fertile Gangetic basin.
Glacial till (Option B) refers to unsorted material deposited by glaciers, common in high-altitude regions like the Karakoram or Zanskar ranges.
Marine sediments (Option C) indicate past sea presence, which is not the primary mode of formation for the North Indian plains.
The depth of these alluvial deposits varies, reaching up to 1000-2000 meters in some parts of the Gangetic trough.
D is correct тАФ The Indo-Gangetic Plains were formed by the extensive accumulation of alluvial sediments transported and deposited by Himalayan river systems over geological time.
Connect this to the 'Drainage System' topic; specifically, study how the slope gradient of the northern rivers changes from the mountains to the plains, leading to the formation of depositional features like alluvial fans and deltas.