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A capacitor of 10 microfarads is charged to a potential difference of 100V. The energy stored in the capacitor is:
0.05 Joules
0.5 Joules
5 Joules
0.005 Joules
0.05 Joules
The energy stored in a capacitor is determined by its capacitance and the potential difference across its plates. Using the energy formula E=21CV2, substituting C=10μF and V=100V yields 0.05 Joules, making Option A the correct choice.
The energy stored in a capacitor is determined by its capacitance and the potential difference across its plates. Using the energy formula E=21CV2, substituting C=10μF and V=100V yields 0.05 Joules, making Option A the correct choice.
A capacitor is like a small water bucket; the capacitance is the size of the bucket and the voltage is the water pressure used to fill it, determining the total potential energy stored inside.
Remember 'Half CV squared' for capacitor energy: E=21CV2.
E=21CV2 — Energy stored in a capacitor
Q=CV — Charge stored in a capacitor
When a voltage is applied across a capacitor, work is done to transfer charge from one plate to the other, creating an electric field between them. This electrical potential energy is stored in the electric field and can be calculated using the parameters of capacitance and voltage.
Capacitance C must be converted from microfarads to farads by multiplying by 10−6.
Energy stored is directly proportional to capacitance and the square of the voltage.
The SI unit of stored electrical energy is the Joule.
Capacitors can store and release energy much faster than chemical batteries.
Capacitors store relatively small amounts of total energy compared to batteries of similar physical size.
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Power supply filtering in electronic circuits
Conversion factor: 1μF=10−6F.
Calculation: E=21imes(10imes10−6 F)imes(100 V)2=0.05 J.
Option B, C, and D represent mathematical miscalculations involving powers of ten.
A is correct — The energy stored in the 10 microfarad capacitor charged to 100V is calculated as 0.05 Joules using the energy formula.
Always ensure units are converted to standard SI units (Farads, Volts, Joules) before plugging numbers into capacitor equations.
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