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Chapter 1 of 12 • Page 1 of 248🔒 Protected PDF • Watermarked
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A capacitor of 10 microfarads is connected to a 50 V DC supply. Calculate the charge stored in the capacitor.
5 ×10⁻⁴ C
5 ×10⁻³ C
0.5 C
50 C
5 ×10⁻⁴ C
The charge stored in a capacitor is calculated by multiplying its capacitance by the potential difference applied across it. Using the values C=10×10−6 F and V=50 V, the product yields 5×10−4 C.
The charge stored in a capacitor is calculated by multiplying its capacitance by the potential difference applied across it. Using the values C=10×10−6 F and V=50 V, the product yields 5×10−4 C.
A capacitor is like a small water tank connected to a pump; the capacitance is the size of the tank, and the voltage is the pressure of the pump. The charge stored is equivalent to the total amount of water held in the tank.
Q = CV (Queen CV - 'Queen' stores charge)
Q=C×V — where Q is charge in Coulombs, C is capacitance in Farads, and V is voltage in Volts.
The principle of capacitance states that the amount of charge Q stored on a capacitor is directly proportional to the applied voltage V across its plates, governed by the constant of proportionality known as capacitance C. When connected to a DC source, charge flows until the potential difference across the capacitor plates equals the supply voltage, at which point the current ceases.
Capacitance is defined as the ability of a system to store an electric charge.
The SI unit of capacitance is the Farad (F), named after Michael Faraday.
Microfarad (muF) is a common unit for practical capacitors, where 1μF=10−6 F.
Capacitors can store energy electrostatically and release it rapidly when needed.
Capacitors have a voltage rating; exceeding this leads to dielectric breakdown.
Capacitors are not ideal for long-term energy storage compared to batteries.
Energy storage in camera flashes.
Filtering circuits in power supply units to stabilize DC voltage.
The given value 10 μF must be converted to standard Farads: 10×10−6 F=10−5 F.
Option B (5×10−3 C) is incorrect because it ignores the micro conversion factor (10−6).
Option C (0.5 C) is incorrect as it results from forgetting the micro prefix entirely.
A is correct — The calculation 10×10−6 F×50 V=500×10−6 C=5×10−4 C satisfies the relationship between charge, capacitance, and voltage.
Always ensure the units are in the base SI system (Farads, Volts, Coulombs) before substituting into equations to avoid common magnitude errors.