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A coin is thrown eight times. The probability of getting exactly five tails is:
0.22
0.11
0.78
0.28
0.22
Use the symmetry property: since n=8 and p=q=0.5, the distribution is symmetric; calculate the combination value 56 and divide by 2тБ╕ = 256.
Total number of trials n = 8, number of tails required k = 5, probability of getting a tail p = 0.5, and probability of getting a head q = 0.5.
P(X=k)=(knтАЛ)pkqnтИТk
Use the symmetry property: since n=8 and p=q=0.5, the distribution is symmetric; calculate the combination value 56 and divide by 2тБ╕ = 256.
Students often calculate the probability using the wrong value of n or k, or fail to compute the combination term \binom{8}{5} correctly.
Identify parameters
We use the Binomial Distribution formula where n=8 (total tosses) and k=5 (target successes). Since the probability of a tail p=0.5 and head q=0.5, the formula simplifies as pkqnтИТk=(0.5)8.
P(X=5)=(58тАЛ)(0.5)8
Calculate the binomial coefficient
The number of ways to choose 5 tails out of 8 tosses is calculated as (58тАЛ)=5!3!8!тАЛ.
(58тАЛ)=3├Ч2├Ч18├Ч7├Ч6тАЛ=56
Final computation
Multiply the combination by the probability value: 56├Ч281тАЛ=25656тАЛ.
P(X=5)=25656тАЛ=0.21875тЙИ0.22
A is correct because the calculated probability of 0.21875 rounds to 0.22.
This concept of binomial expansion is essential for solving problems in Statistics and Genetics, specifically involving Mendelian inheritance patterns.