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An ideal voltage source has an internal resistance of:
Infinite
Zero
1 Ohm
Depends on voltage
Zero
An ideal voltage source is a theoretical circuit element that maintains a constant terminal voltage regardless of the current drawn from it. By definition, to ensure the terminal voltage VtтАЛ equals the source voltage E irrespective of the load current ILтАЛ, the internal resistance must be zero.
An ideal voltage source is a theoretical circuit element that maintains a constant terminal voltage regardless of the current drawn from it. By definition, to ensure the terminal voltage VtтАЛ equals the source voltage E irrespective of the load current ILтАЛ, the internal resistance must be zero.
VtтАЛ=EтИТILтАЛRintтАЛ тАФ terminal voltage equation
RintтАЛ=0 тАФ condition for an ideal voltage source
The terminal voltage of a practical voltage source is given by VtтАЛ=EтИТILтАЛтЛЕRintтАЛ. In an ideal scenario, for VtтАЛ to remain strictly equal to E for any value of ILтАЛ, the internal drop ILтАЛтЛЕRintтАЛ must be zero. This condition is only satisfied when the internal resistance RintтАЛ=0.
Ideal voltage sources have zero internal resistance.
The terminal voltage remains constant for all load conditions.
An ideal voltage source can deliver infinite power to a load if short-circuited, making it a purely theoretical model.
Real-world voltage sources have finite, non-zero internal resistance.
Simplifies complex network analysis using theorems like Thevenin's theorem.
Provides a baseline reference for analyzing circuit performance.
Physically impossible to construct.
Violates energy conservation laws if short-circuited, as it would imply infinite power delivery.
Used in circuit simulations and theoretical calculations.
Foundation for defining Thevenin equivalent circuits.
| Feature | Ideal Voltage Source | Ideal Current Source |
|---|---|---|
Internal Resistance | Zero | Infinite |
The concept of internal resistance accounts for the voltage drop across the internal components of a battery or generator.
Option A (Infinite) describes the internal resistance of an ideal current source, which prevents any leakage current through its internal path.
B is correct тАФ An ideal voltage source maintains a constant output voltage across its terminals regardless of the current flowing through it, which requires zero internal resistance.
Remember that an ideal voltage source is a short circuit to the source itself, while an ideal current source acts as an open circuit internally.