Chain survey is classification of ____

Question

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The correct answer is Option A: Based on instrument used. Chain surveying is the simplest and most fundamental method of surveying where the measurement of linear distances is done using a chain or tape. Because the classification of surveying techniques depends on the instruments or methods used to gather spatial data, chain surveying is classified under the 'Based on instrument used' category.

Step-by-Step Solution & Concepts:
Chain surveying is the simplest and most fundamental method of surveying where the measurement of linear distances is done using a chain or tape. Because the classification of surveying techniques depends on the instruments or methods used to gather spatial data, chain surveying is classified under the 'Based on instrument used' category.

Working Principle: The principle of chain surveying is triangulation, where the area to be surveyed is divided into a network of triangles. Since no angular measurements are taken, the accuracy of the work relies entirely on the precise linear measurement of the sides of the triangles using a chain or tape.

Key Formulas: $S = \frac{l}{L} 	imes S_{m}$ — Corrected length formula where $S$ is true length, $l$ is measured length, $L$ is nominal length, and $S_{m}$ is measured distance

Key Points: Chain surveying is suitable for small, fairly level areas with clear details.; The process involves ranging, chaining, and offsetting.; It is the most primitive form of surveying because it excludes angular measurements.; The primary instrument used is the metric chain (e.g., 20m or 30m chain).

Advantages: Simple to perform and requires minimal training; Cost-effective for small-scale projects

Disadvantages: Not suitable for large or hilly areas; Accumulation of errors due to lack of angular checks

Applications: Small field surveys for agricultural land mapping; Topographical detail collection for site planning

Additional Info: Classification based on 'Object of survey' includes archaeological, geological, and military surveys.. Classification based on 'Nature of field' includes land, marine, and astronomical surveys.. Chain surveying provides only planimetric details (2D) without vertical control.

Answer: A is correct — Chain surveying is classified based on the instruments used (specifically the chain or tape) to obtain measurements.

Exam Tip: Always remember that 'Chain Surveying' uses chains for linear measurement, whereas 'Theodolite Surveying' is based on instrument usage for both horizontal and vertical angular measurements.

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Option B: Based on object of survey

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Option C: Based upon the nature of the field

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Option D: None of the above

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