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Disadvantage┬а of interconnected power system is
Expensive tie line
Economical operation
Increase the reliability of power system
All of the above
Expensive tie line
An interconnected power system involves linking multiple generating stations through high-voltage tie lines to share loads and reserves. While this improves efficiency, the requirement for high-capacity tie lines to handle inter-area power flow constitutes a significant economic and technical disadvantage due to high capital expenditure.
An interconnected power system involves linking multiple generating stations through high-voltage tie lines to share loads and reserves. While this improves efficiency, the requirement for high-capacity tie lines to handle inter-area power flow constitutes a significant economic and technical disadvantage due to high capital expenditure.
P=XV1тАЛV2тАЛтАЛsin(╬┤) тАФ Power transfer equation between two areas
╬ФP=PgenтАЛтИТPloadтАЛ тАФ Power balance required for frequency stability
The interconnection mechanism relies on synchronizing multiple generators to a common frequency (f=50┬аHz in India). Power flows between regions are governed by the phase angle difference ╬┤ and line reactance X, defined by P=XV1тАЛV2тАЛтАЛsin(╬┤). Installing robust tie lines necessitates expensive switchgear, protection schemes, and high-voltage transmission infrastructure to maintain system stability during transients.
Interconnection allows 'Load Diversity' which reduces the required installed capacity.
Tie lines must be designed for worst-case contingency scenarios, increasing costs.
System frequency stability is enhanced by the large rotating inertia of the interconnected grid.
Improved reliability through shared spinning reserves.
Higher economy due to load economic dispatch.
Reduction in total required installed capacity (Reserve sharing).
Extremely expensive construction and maintenance of tie lines.
Increased complexity in fault detection and protection coordination.
Risk of cascading outages across the entire grid during major disturbances.
National Grid (e.g., POSOCO/NLDC operations)
Regional Load Despatch Centres (RLDC)
Cross-border power trade (e.g., India-Bhutan-Nepal connections)
Option B (Economical operation) is actually an advantage, as it enables optimal unit commitment.
Option C (Reliability) is a primary advantage of the interconnection.
The cost of tie lines includes not just the physical transmission line, but also the control systems (SCADA) and relaying equipment.
A is correct тАФ The high capital investment required for robust tie lines to connect independent systems is a major economic drawback.
Always distinguish between economic 'operation' (a benefit of sharing load) and economic 'investment' (the cost of building tie lines).