In a capacitor, if a charge of 1 coulomb accumulates on each p... | General Science MCQ | Examoogle

General SciencePhysics: Electricity

In a capacitor, if a charge of 1 coulomb accumulates on each plate when a potential difference of 1 volt is applied across the plates, then the capacitance will be _______.

1 microfarad

1 nano-farad

1 picofarad

1 farad

Correct Answer

⚙️ TE • Technical Concept & PrincipleGeneral SciencePhysics: Electricity

Option D

1 farad

Quick Summary:

Capacitance is defined as the ratio of the magnitude of charge on either plate to the potential difference between the plates. When 1 Coulomb ( $1\text{ C}$ ) of charge is stored at a potential difference of 1 Volt ( $1\text{ V}$ ), the resulting capacitance is exactly 1 Farad ( $1\text{ F}$ ).

🔬SCScience SolutionConcept & Principle

💡 Explanation

💡 Everyday Analogy (Real-World Intuition)

Think of a bucket's capacity: if you pour 1 liter of water and the height (potential) rises by 1 unit, the 'capacitance' of that bucket is 1 unit.

🧠 Memory Mnemonic / Shortcut Aid

Remember 'Q = CV' (Queen Victoria is Cold/Capacitance).

🔢 Key Formulas

$C = \frac{Q}{V}$ — The fundamental relation where $C$ is capacitance, $Q$ is charge, and $V$ is potential difference.

⚙️ Working Principle

The principle is governed by the relation $C = \frac{Q}{V}$ , where $C$ is capacitance in Farads, $Q$ is charge in Coulombs, and $V$ is potential difference in Volts. It measures a device's ability to store electric charge per unit of potential energy.

📌 Key Points

▸
The SI unit of capacitance is the Farad ( $F$ ).
▸
1 Farad is considered a very large unit for practical electronic components, which usually operate in microfarads ( $\mu\text{F}$ ), nanofarads ( $\text{nF}$ ), or picofarads ( $\text{pF}$ ).

✅ Advantages

▸
Provides a standardized way to measure energy storage capacity in electric fields.

❌ Disadvantages / Limitations

▸
A 1 Farad capacitor is physically bulky, as most practical circuits use components in the range of microfarads or less.

🛠️ Applications / Uses

▸
Energy storage in power supply circuits.
▸
Smoothing out voltage fluctuations in electronic devices.

📄 Additional Information

▸
The term 'Farad' is named after the English physicist Michael Faraday.
▸
Option A ( $1\text{ }\mu\text{F} = 10^{-6}\text{ F}$ ), Option B ( $1\text{ nF} = 10^{-9}\text{ F}$ ), and Option C ( $1\text{ pF} = 10^{-12}\text{ F}$ ) represent smaller sub-units of a Farad.

📊 Diagram / Illustration

✅

D is correct — The capacitance is calculated as $1\text{ Coulomb} / 1\text{ Volt} = 1\text{ Farad}$ .

Core Concepts Used

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Capacitance Electric Charge Potential Difference

💡 EXAM TIP

Always pay attention to SI unit prefixes like micro ( $10^{-6}$ ), nano ( $10^{-9}$ ), and pico ( $10^{-12}$ ) as they are frequently used in competitive exam physics problems.

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