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In the following question, two statements are followed by four conclusions. You have to assume the given statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read the conclusions carefully and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the statements.
Statements:
All trees are plants.
Some plants are flowers.
Conclusions:
A. All trees are flowers
B. Some flowers are trees
C. All plants are trees
D. Some trees are plants
Only B
Only A
Only C
Only D
Only D
Apply the rule of conversion: 'All A are B' implies 'Some B are A', and 'Some A are B' implies 'Some B are A'.
Apply the rule of conversion: 'All A are B' implies 'Some B are A', and 'Some A are B' implies 'Some B are A'.
Analyze Statement 1
All trees are plants. This means the set of trees is a subset of the set of plants. Consequently, the conversion 'Some plants are trees' is true, and logically, 'Some trees are plants' is also true (a part of a set is always contained within the whole set).
Analyze Statement 2
Some plants are flowers. This shows an intersection between the set of plants and flowers. We cannot establish a direct link between trees and flowers because the intersection is only with the broader set of plants.
Evaluate Conclusions
A: 'All trees are flowers' is false as there is no definitive link. B: 'Some flowers are trees' is false as the intersection is only between plants and flowers. C: 'All plants are trees' is false (converse of All A are B is not necessarily true). D: 'Some trees are plants' is true because 'All trees are plants' inherently includes the subset 'Some trees are plants'.
A: No logical connection exists between trees and flowers. B: The statements do not imply an intersection between flowers and trees. C: The inverse of 'All trees are plants' is not necessarily true.
D is correct because 'All trees are plants' logically guarantees that 'Some trees are plants' is true, while other conclusions lack sufficient evidence.
In Syllogism, always remember that 'All A are B' contains the subset 'Some A are B'. Never assume relationships between two groups unless they are directly linked by the provided statements.
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