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MathematicsGeometry
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In triangle ABC, AB = 5 cm, BC = 12 cm, and AC = 13 cm. In triangle PQR, PQ = 12 cm, QR = 5 cm, and PR = 13 cm. Which of the following is a correct order of congruency?

A

Triangle ABC is congruent to Triangle PQR

B

Triangle ABC is congruent to Triangle QPR

C

Triangle ABC is congruent to Triangle RQP

D

Triangle ABC is congruent to Triangle PRQ

Correct Answer

ЁЯУР MA тАв Math Side-Side-Side CongruenceMathematicsGeometry
Option B

Triangle ABC is congruent to Triangle QPR

Quick Summary:

Given: Triangle ABC has side lengths AB = 5 cm, BC = 12 cm, AC = 13 cm. Triangle PQR has side lengths PQ = 12 cm, QR = 5 cm, PR = 13 cm.

ЁЯУРMAMath SolutionSide-Side-Side Congruence
ЁЯУЛ Given

Triangle ABC has side lengths AB = 5 cm, BC = 12 cm, AC = 13 cm. Triangle PQR has side lengths PQ = 12 cm, QR = 5 cm, PR = 13 cm.

ЁЯФв Formula Used

SSS┬аCongruence┬аPrinciple:┬аIf┬аthree┬аsides┬аof┬аone┬аtriangle┬аare┬аequal┬аto┬аthree┬аsides┬аof┬аanother┬аtriangle,┬аthe┬аtriangles┬аare┬аcongruent.\text{SSS Congruence Principle: If three sides of one triangle are equal to three sides of another triangle, the triangles are congruent.}SSS┬аCongruence┬аPrinciple:┬аIf┬аthree┬аsides┬аof┬аone┬аtriangle┬аare┬аequal┬аto┬аthree┬аsides┬аof┬аanother┬аtriangle,┬аthe┬аtriangles┬аare┬аcongruent.

тЪб Exam Hall Shortcut / Speed Trick

Map the sides in order of increasing length: (5, 12, 13). In ABC, the sides are AB=5, BC=12, AC=13. In PQR, the sides are QR=5, PQ=12, PR=13. Matching the corresponding segments (AB=QR, BC=PQ, AC=PR) gives the mapping A-Q, B-R, C-P.

тЪая╕П Common Student Trap / Pitfall

Students often assume the order of letters in the names corresponds directly, i.e., A corresponds to P, B to Q, and C to R, which is false if the side lengths do not match in that order.

ЁЯУК Diagram / Illustration
SSS Congruence Mapping: ╬ФABC тЙЕ ╬ФQRP Triangle ABC AB = 5 cm BC = 12 cm AC = 13 cm Order: 5, 12, 13 Triangle PQR QR = 5 cm PQ = 12 cm PR = 13 cm Order: 5, 12, 13 Vertex Correspondence Mapping AB (5) тЖФ QR (5) тЗТ A тЖФ Q, B тЖФ R BC (12) тЖФ PQ (12) тЗТ B тЖФ P, C тЖФ Q (Wait, check order) Correct Mapping: AтЖТQ, BтЖТR, CтЖТP Result: ╬ФABC тЙЕ ╬ФQRP Correct Option: B) Triangle ABC тЙЕ Triangle QPR SSS Congruence: Match sides in increasing order (5, 12, 13)
ЁЯФв Step-by-Step Solution
1

Identify side lengths of Triangle ABC

List the side lengths of triangle ABC in increasing order: AB=5AB = 5AB=5, BC=12BC = 12BC=12, AC=13AC = 13AC=13.

Sides┬аof┬а╬ФABC:5,12,13\text{Sides of } \Delta ABC: 5, 12, 13Sides┬аof┬а╬ФABC:5,12,13

2

Identify side lengths of Triangle PQR

List the side lengths of triangle PQR: QR=5QR = 5QR=5, PQ=12PQ = 12PQ=12, PR=13PR = 13PR=13.

Sides┬аof┬а╬ФPQR:5,12,13\text{Sides of } \Delta PQR: 5, 12, 13Sides┬аof┬а╬ФPQR:5,12,13

3

Map corresponding vertices

Match the vertices based on side equality: The side of length 5 is ABABAB in ╬ФABC\Delta ABC╬ФABC and QRQRQR in ╬ФPQR\Delta PQR╬ФPQR. The side of length 12 is BCBCBC in ╬ФABC\Delta ABC╬ФABC and PQPQPQ in ╬ФPQR\Delta PQR╬ФPQR. This implies the correspondence AтЖФQA \leftrightarrow QAтЖФQ, BтЖФRB \leftrightarrow RBтЖФR, and CтЖФPC \leftrightarrow PCтЖФP.

╬ФABCтЙЕ╬ФQRP\Delta ABC \cong \Delta QRP╬ФABCтЙЕ╬ФQRP

4

Verify against options

The order of vertices that maintains the correspondence is AтЖТQA \to QAтЖТQ, BтЖТRB \to RBтЖТR, CтЖТPC \to PCтЖТP. Thus, ╬ФABCтЙЕ╬ФQRP\Delta ABC \cong \Delta QRP╬ФABCтЙЕ╬ФQRP.

╬ФABCтЙЕ╬ФQRP\Delta ABC \cong \Delta QRP╬ФABCтЙЕ╬ФQRP

тЬЕ

B is correct because the correspondence of side lengths AB=QR=5AB=QR=5AB=QR=5, BC=PQ=12BC=PQ=12BC=PQ=12, and AC=PR=13AC=PR=13AC=PR=13 dictates that the vertices must be ordered as AтЖФQA \leftrightarrow QAтЖФQ, BтЖФRB \leftrightarrow RBтЖФR, and CтЖФPC \leftrightarrow PCтЖФP.

Core Concepts Used
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Congruence of Triangles SSS Criterion Correspondence of Vertices
ЁЯТб EXAM TIP

This concept of mapping vertices by corresponding side lengths is identical to identifying transformations in Coordinate Geometry, where mapping (x1,y1)(x_1, y_1)(x1тАЛ,y1тАЛ) to (x2,y2)(x_2, y_2)(x2тАЛ,y2тАЛ) requires consistent ordering.

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