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In which is the following angle when two survey lines are meet at one point.
Transverse angle
Included angle
Deflection angle
Deviated angle
Included angle
When two survey lines meet or intersect at a single point, the angle formed between them is called the included angle. It can be either an interior angle or an exterior angle, depending on the direction of the traverse.
When two survey lines meet or intersect at a single point, the angle formed between them is called the included angle. It can be either an interior angle or an exterior angle, depending on the direction of the traverse.
∑θint=(2n−4)×90° — Sum of interior included angles for a closed polygon
∑θext=(2n+4)×90° — Sum of exterior included angles for a closed polygon
In a closed or open traverse, at any instrument station where two lines meet, the included angle is measured directly using a theodolite by turning the telescope from the back station to the fore station. The measured angle depends on whether the measurement is taken clockwise or counterclockwise.
Included angles are measured at the junction where two survey lines intersect.
Included angle can be measured clockwise from the back sight to the fore sight.
Minimizes observation errors during closed traverse calculations.
Provides a direct geometric check for closed polygon traverses using sum formula.
Requires careful identification between interior and exterior angles.
Reading errors at a single vertex affect subsequent station computations.
Closed traverse surveying for boundary mapping and property surveys.
Traverse alignment calculations in civil construction projects.
Option A (Transverse angle) is an informal or misstated term; traverse angles are referred to as included or deflection angles.
Option C (Deflection angle) is the angle by which a survey line deflects or deviates from the extension of the preceding line.
Option D (Deviated angle) is a non-standard surveying term.
B is correct — The angle formed directly between two meeting survey lines at a single station vertex is defined as the included angle.
Always remember: Deflection Angle = 180°−Included Angle (interior). Questions frequently test this conversion in closed traverse adjustments.